GRC
Bailly
ιος,
att.
εως (ἡ) [ᾰ] I épine dorsale, ESCHL.
Eum. 190 ; SOPH.
fr. 21 Dind. ; EUR.
Cycl. 643 ; XÉN.
Eq. 5, 5 ; PLAT.
Tim. 77 d,
91 a ; ARSTT.
H.A. 3, 7, 1, etc. ; p. ext. dos, échine (d’un sanglier) IL.
9, 208 ; AR.
Lys. 314 ; II p. anal. : 1 saillie de l’omoplate, GAL. ;
2 nervure médiane d’une feuille, TH.
H.P. 3, 7, 5, etc. ; 3 crête de montagne, HDT.
3, 54 ; 7, 216 ; POL.
3, 101, 2, etc. ; STR.
115 ; DH.
5, 44 ; 4 partie des tentacules du poulpe, ARSTT.
H.A. 4, 1, 10.
Étym. pré-grec.
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LSJ
ιος, Att. εως, ἡ (but ὁ IG4² [v. infr.]), the lower part of the back, the chine, συὸς ῥ. Il. 9.208.
spine or backbone, σύγκειται ἡ ῥ. ἐκ σφονδύλων, τείνει δ’ ἀπὸ τῆς κεφαλῆς μέχρι πρὸς τὰ ἰσχία Arist. HA 516a11, cf. PA 654b12, al. ; ὑπὸ ῥάχιν παγέντες impaled, A. Eu. 190, cf. S. Fr. 20, E. Cyc. 643; μυελὸς κοίλης ῥάχεως Archel. ap. Antig. Mir. 89, cf. Pl. Ti. 77d, 91a.
anything ridged like the backbone; ridge of a hill or mountain, Hdt. 3.54, 7.216, IG4²(1).71.14 (Epid., iii BC), Plb. 3.101.2, D.H. 5.44, Str. 3.2.3 (pl.); ἂν ῥάχιν along the ridge, GDI 5075.69 (Crete, i BC); so Archil. 21 like ned Thasos to an ὄνου ῥάχις. ῥ. ῥινός bridge of the nose, Poll. 2.79, Ruf. Onom. 35. ῥ. φύλλου mid-rib of a leaf, Thphr. HP 3.7.5, al.
the sharp projection on the middle of the shoulder-blade, Gal. UP 13.10, Ruf. Onom. 71.
outer edge of the arm of the polypus, Arist. HA 524a7.
trunk, of Dagon, LXX 1 Ki. 5.4.
Liddell-Scott-Jones, Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1940)
Pape
ἡ,
1) der Rücken von Menschen und Tieren ; συὸς ῥάχις, Il. 9.208 ; τὴν ῥάχιν θλίβειν, Ar. Lys. 314 ; – gew. der hervorstehende scharfe Teil von den Fortsätzen der Rückgratswirbel, das Rückgrat selbst, ὑπὸ ῥάχιν παγέντες, Aesch. Eum. 181 ; ἀμπείρας ῥάχιν, Eur. Rhes. 514 ; u. in Prosa, Plat. Tim. 77d, 91a, Xen. equit. 5.5, 7.2 ; u. Sp., ἱερή, Agath. 55 (IX.644). – Auch die scharfe, vorstehende Rippe auf der Mitte des Schulterblattes, u. ῥάχις ῥινός, das Nasenbein, u. φύλλου, Rippe des Blattes, Theophr.
2) übertr., ῥάχις ὄρεος, Bergrücken, Her. 3.54, 7.216 ; bes. von den höheren, hervorragenden rauhen Teilen eines Gebirges, Gebirgskamm, Berggrat, ἡ ἐπὶ τὰ πεδία κατατείνουσα ῥάχις, Pol. 3.101.2 ; ῥάχει δυσβάτῳ καὶ τραχείᾳ, 5.69.1 ; Strab. u. A.; ὀρεινή, Dion.Hal. 5.44 ; ὀργάδος, Agath. 30 (VI.41).
Pape, Griechisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch (3. Aufl., 1914)
TBESG
1. the lower part of the back, the chine , [Iliad by Homer (8th/7th c.BC)]: then, the spine or backbone , ὑπὸ ῥάχιν παγῆναι to be impaled, [Aeschulus Tragicus (6th/5th c.BC)]
2. anything ridged like the backbone, a mountain-ridge , [Herdotus Historicus (Refs 5th c.BC)] (ML)
Translators Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek based on Abbot-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (1922) (=AS), with corrections and adapted by Tyndale Scholars