ου [ῑ]
      1 adj. m. armé, ESCHL. Sept. 717 ; EUR. Her. 800, etc. ; HDT. 8, 38 ; PLAT. Leg. 833 b ; δρόμος, PD. I. 1, 23, course que l’on faisait tout armé ;
      2 subst. ὁ ὁπλ. hoplite ou soldat d’infanterie pesamment armé (c.-à-d. armé de la forte lance δόρυ et du grand bouclier ὅπλον, d’où ὁπλίτης ; cf. πελταστής de πέλτη) HDT. 9, 29, etc. ; THC. 1, 106 ; etc. ; PLAT. Rsp. 552 a, etc.

Étym. ὅπλον.

ου, ὁ, (< ὅπλον) heavy-armed, armed, ὁ. δρόμοι races of men in armour, opp. the naked race (v. στάδιον II), Pi. I. 1.23 ; called ὁ ὁ. or simply ὁπλίτης (Dor., Arc. -τας) in IG 5(1).1120 (Geronthrae, v BC), 5(2).550.26 (Lycaeum, iv BC), etc. (= τοῦ ὅπλου δρόμος, Paus. 6.13.1), cf. ὁπλιτοδρομέω ; ἀνὴρ ὁ. A. Th. 717, E. Supp. 585, etc. ; ὁ. στρατός an armed host, Id. Heracl. 800 ; ὁ. κόσμος warrior-dress, armour, ib. 699. mostly as Subst., ὁπλίτης, ὁ, heavy-armed foot-soldier, man-at-arms, who carried a pike (< δόρυ) and a large shield (< ὅπλον), Ἀθηναίων οἱ στρατηγοὶ καὶ… οἱ ὁ. IG1². 116.25 ; ὁπλῖται, opp. ψιλοί, Hdt. 9.30, Th. 1.106 ; opp. γυμνῆτες, Hdt. 9.63 ; opp. ἱππεῖς, Pl. R. 552a ; opp. τοξόται, Id. Criti. 119b ; to be a ὁπλίτης implied the possession of full civic rights, hence οἱ ὁ., opp. οἱ βάναυσοι, Arist. Pol. 1326a23 ; and, in oligarchical states, opp. ὁ δῆμος, ib. 1305b33.

[ῑ], ὁ, schwer bewaffnet, in voller, schwerer Rüstung ; δρόμοι, Pind. I. 1.23 ; ἀνήρ, Aesch. Spt. 699 ; bes. subst., der Schwerbewaffnete, Eur. oft, Her. und sonst in Prosa, oft im Ggstz von ψιλός, wie Her. 9.30, von γυμνῆτες, 9.63 ; von ψιλός Thuc. 1.106, 4.125 ; Plat. im Ggstz von ἱππεύς Rep. VII.552a, von τοξόται Critia. 119b ; Folgde. Sie führen die große Lanze, δόρυ, und den großen Schild, ὅπλον, von dem sie benannt sind, wie πελταστής nach dem kleinen Schilde, πέλτη.

1. heavy-armed, armed , δρόμος ὁπλ. a race of men in armour , opp. to the naked race, (Pindar); ὁπλ. στρατός an armed host, (Euripides); ὁπλ. κόσμος warrior- dress, armour, (Euripides)
2. as Substantive, a heavy-armed foot-soldier, man-at-arms , who carried a large shield ὅπλον); whence the name, as the light-armed foot-soldier πελταστής); had his from the light πέλτη, (Herdotus Historicus), attic; ὁπλῖται are opp. to ψιλοί, (Herdotus Historicus) (ML)