οντος (ὁ) :
   I chef, ESCHL. Sept. 674 ; SOPH. Aj. 668 ; particul. roi, ESCHL. Pers. 74 ;
   II p. suite :
      1 à Athènes, archonte, l’un des neuf magistrats athéniens principaux (le 1^er ἄρχων ἐπώνυμος ou abs. ὁ ἄρχων, le 2^e ἄρχων βασιλεύς, le 3^e ἄρχων πολέμαρχος, les 6 autres ἄρχοντες θεσμοθέται) THC. 1, 126, etc. ;
      2 magistrat, en gén. soit à Athènes, ESCHN. 58, 7 ; soit à Sparte, en parl. des Éphores, HDT. 6, 106 ; soit à Platée, PLUT. Arist. 21 ; à Rome, en parl. des consuls, POL. 1, 39, ou d’officiers inférieurs (lat. præfecti) POL. 6, 26.

Étym. ἄρχω.

οντος, ὁ, (part. of ἄρχω) ruler, commander, νεός Hdt. 5.33; abs., A. Th. 674, S. Aj. 668, etc. ; chief, king, Ἀσίας A. Pers. 73; ἄ. τοῦ κόσμου τούτου, of Satan, Ev. Jo. 16.11, al. as official title, chief magistrate, esp. at Athens, Th. 1.126, etc. ; οἱ ἐννέα ἄρχοντες IG 2.163; οἱ ἄ., at Sparta, the authorities, Hdt. 6.106; sg., ὁ ἄρχων the eponymous magistrate of the year, IG 1.52, al., Arist. Ath. 3.3, etc. ; so in Boeotia, at Delphi, Delos, and elsewhere, IG 7.2407, SIG 295.18, IG 2.814, etc. ; = Lat. consul, Plb. 1.39.1.
governor of a dependency or province, e.g. in the Athenian Empire, IG 1.62b19, etc. ; of a Roman governor, OGI 441.59; = praefectus, Plb. 6.26.5. generally, magistrate, official, Aeschin. 3.29, etc. ; opp. ἰδιώτης, SIG 672.16 (Delph.); ruler of a synagogue, Ev. Matt. 9.18; president of a club, PLond. 3.1178.6 (ii AD).

οντος, ὁ, partic. von ἄρχω, der Herrscher, Gebieter, Aesch. Spt. 656, Pers. 74 u. Folgde ; auch als adj., τινός, einer Sache mächtig. – In Athen, die erste obrigkeitliche Würde, Archon.

ἄρχων, -οντος, ὁ
(pres. ptcp. of ἄρχω), [in LXX for נָשִׂיא., רֹאשׁ, שַׂר, etc. ;]
a ruler, chief: Jesus, Rev.1:5; rulers of nations, Mat.20:25, Act.4:26 7:35; magistrates, Act.23:5, Rom.13:3; judges, Luk.12:58, Act.7:27, 35 16:19; members of the Sanhedrin, Luk.14:1 23:13, 35 24:20, Jhn.3:1 7:26, 48 12:42, Act.3:17 4:5, 8 13:27 14:5; rulers of synagogues, Mat.9:18, 23, Luk.8:41 18:18; οἱ ἄ. τ. αἰῶνος τούτου, 1Co.2:6-8; of the devil: ἄ. τῶν δαιμονίων, Mat.9:34 12:24, Mrk.3:22, Luk.11:15; ὁ ἄ. τοῦ κόσμου, Jhn.12:31 14:30 16:11; ἄ. τ. ἐξουσίας τ. ἀέρος, Eph.2:2 (MM, see word; DB, iii, 838; Ext., 99 f; DCG, ii, 419; DCG, see word Archon).†
(AS)