'οῦ (ὁ) [ᾰ]
A subst. :
   I pr. frère, ATT. etc. ; au pl. ἀδελφοί, frères, ATT. ; qqf. frère et sœur, EUR. El. 536 ; ἀδελφεοὶ (ion.) ἀπ' ἀμφοτέρων, HDT. 7, 97, frères de père et de mère ;
   II p. anal. frère :
      1 en parl. d’un parent en gén. SPT. Gen. 13, 8 ; Job 42, 11, etc. ;
      2 homme de la même nation ou de la même tribu, SPT. Ex. 2, 11 ; 4, 18 ; Lev. 19, 17, etc. ;
      3 collègue, confrère, SPT. 2Esdr. 3, 2 ; Job 30, 39 ; NT. 1Cor. 1, 1, etc. ;
      4 t. d’affect. en parl. d’un ami, SPT. Tob. 5, 11 ; Judith 7, 30 ;
      5 membre de la communauté chrétienne, NT. Ap. 9, 30 ; 28, 15, etc. ; postér. religieux, BAS. 4, 356 Migne ;
      6 t. de courtoisie entre souverains, JOS. A.J. 13, 2, 2 ;
B adj. :
      1 de frère ou de sœur, fraternel, ESCHL. Sept. 811 ; PLAT. Criti. 109 c ;
      2 qui est par couple, double, jumeau : τὰ ἀδελφά, XÉN. Mem. 2, 3, 49, les organes jumeaux (yeux, mains, pieds, etc.) ;
      3 proche parent, semblable, analogue : τινος, SOPH. Ant. 492 ; PLAT. Phæd. 108 b, etc. ou τινι, SOPH. O.C. 1262, etc. à qqn ou à qqe ch.

➳ Voc. ἄδελφε (non ἀδελφέ) sel. les Gramm. Par crase ἁδελφός = ὁ ἀδ. PLAT. Prot. 310 c ; ἁδελφοί = οἱ ἀδ. CIG. 1, 8 b, 10 (av. 570 av. J.C. ; v. Meisterh. p. 56, 4). Dans Hom. ion. ἀδελφεός, IL. 2, 586, ou épq. ἀδελφειός, IL. 5, 21, etc. ; dans HÉRODICUS et PD. ἀδελφεός ; de même ESCHL. Sept. 974. Duel ἀδελφεώ, THCR. Idyl. 24, 8.

Étym. ἀ cop. δελφύς, litt. « né du même sein »; cf. ἀγάστωρ ; voy. ἀδελφή.

'

[ᾰ], (ἀ- copul., δελφύς, Arist. HA 510b13; cf. ἀγάστωρ) properly, son of the same mother; as Subst., ἀδελφός, ὁ, voc. ἄδελφε; Ep., Ion., and Lyr. ἀδελφεός (gen. -ειοῦ in Hom. is for -εόο), Cret. ἀδελφιός, ἀδευφιός, Leg. Gort. 2.21, Mon.Ant. 18.319: — brother, Hom., etc. ; ἀδελφοί brother and sister, E. El. 536; so of the Ptolemies, θεοὶ ἀδελφοί Herod. 1.30, OGI 50.2 (iii BC), etc. ; ἀπ’ ἀμφοτέρων ἀδελφεός Hdt. 7.97; prov., χαλεποὶ πόλεμοι ἀδελφῶν E. Fr. 975; metaph, ἀ. γέγονα σειρήνων LXX Jb. 30.29.
kinsman, ib. Ge. 13.8, al. ; tribesman, Ex. 2.11, al.
colleague, associate, PTeb. 1.12, IG 12(9).906.19 (Chalcis); member of a college, ib. 14.956. term of address, used by kings, OGI 138.3 (Philae), J. AJ 13.2.2, etc. ; generally, LXX Ju. 7.30; esp. in letters, PPar. 48 (ii BC), etc. ; — as a term of affection, applicable by wife to husband, LXX To. 10.12, PLond. 1.42.1 (ii BC), etc.
brother (as a fellow Christian), Ev. Matt. 12.50, Act. Ap. 9.30, al. ; of other religious communities, e.g. Serapeum, PPar. 42.1 (ii BC), cf. PTaur. 1.1.20. metaph, of things, fellow, ἀνὴρ τῷ ἀ. προσκολληθήσεται, of Leviathan΄s scales, LXX Jb. 41.8. Adj., ἀδελφός, ή, όν, brotherly or sisterly, A. Th. 811, etc. ; φύσιν ἀ. ἔχοντες, of Hephaistos and Athena, Pl. Criti. 109c. generally, of anything double, twin, in pairs, X. Mem. 2.3.19; — also, akin, cognate, μαθήματα Archyt. 1; ἀ. νόμοις Pl. Lg. 683a; mostly c. gen., ἀδελφὰ τῶνδε S. Ant. 192; ἡ δὲ μωρία μάλιστ’ ἀ. τῆς πονηρίας ἔφυ Id. Fr. 925; freq. in Pl., Phd. 108b, Cra. 418e, al., cf. Hyp. Epit. 35; c. dat., ἀδελφὰ τούτοισι S. OC 1262, cf. Pl. Smp. 210b.

ὁ, (ἀ copul. - δελφύς, nach Arist. H.A. 3.1), Bruder, bei Hom. noch nicht, welcher ἀδελφεός u. ἀδελ φειός gebraucht ; ἀδελφοί, Geschwister ; auch adl. ἀδελφός, ή, όν, brüderlich ; Aesch. χερσὶν ἀδελφαῖς Spt. 793, wie Soph. O.R. 1468 ; ähnlich, übereinstimmend, τινός, z.B. Soph. ἀδελφὰ τῶνδε κηρύξας Ant. 192 ; βουλεύματα τοῖς ἔργοις ἀδ. Lys. 2.59 ; τῶν εἰρημένων ἀδ. Isocr. 4.71 ; – τινί, Soph. O.C. 1264 ; Aeschin. 2.145 διαβολὴ δὲ ἀδελφόν ἐστι καὶ ἡ συκοφαντία ; τὰ σὰ τοῖς φανεῖσιν ἡγοῦμαι ἀδελφά Luc. Gall. 5 (voc. ἄδελφε, s. Göttling p. 305).

ἀδελφός, -οῦ, ὁ
(< ἀ- copul., δελφύς, womb),
in cl., a brother, born of the same parent or parents. [In LXX (Hort, Ja., 102f.), for אָח ;]
__1. lit. of a brother (Gen.4:2, al.).
__2. Of a neighbour (Lev.19:17).
__3. Of a member of the same nation (Exo.2:14, Deu.15:3). In NT in each of these senses (1. Mat.1:2, al.; 2. Mat.7:3; 3. Rom.9:3) and also,
__4. of a fellow-Christian: 1Co.1:1, Act.9:30. This usage finds illustration in π., where ἀ. is used of members of a pagan religious community (M, Th., I, 1:4; MM, VGT, see word). The ἀδελφοὶ τ. Κυρίου (Mat.12:46-49 13:55 28:10, Mrk.3:31-34, Luk.8:19-21, Jhn.2:12 7:3, 5 10 20:17, Act.1:14, 1Co.9:5) may have been sons of Joseph and Mary (Mayor, Ja., Intr. viff.; DB, i, 320ff.) or of Joseph by a former marriage (Lft., Gal., 252ff.; DCG, i, 232ff.), but the view of Jerome, which makes ἀ. equivalent to ἀνεψιός, is inconsistent with Greek usage. (Cremer, 66.)
(AS)