οῦ (ὁ) :
   I pieu pour une palissade, palissade, IL. 24, 453 ; OD. 14, 11 ; THC. 4, 90 ; XÉN. An. 5, 2, 21 ; pieu pour fondement d’une construction, HDT. 5, 16 ; THC. 7, 25, etc. ;
   II instrument de supplice, particul. :
      1 pal, PLUT. Artax. 17 ;
      2 poteau pour y clouer les condamnés, DS. 2, 18 ; PLUT. M. 554 a ; LUC. Per. 34 ; particul. poteau avec une traverse, d’où croix, LUC. J. voc. 12 ; NT. Matth. 10, 38 ; Luc. 9, 23 ; 14, 27.

Étym. indo-europ. *steh₂-u-, pieu, cf. lat. īnstaurō ; v. ἵστημι.

ὁ, upright pale or stake, σταυροὺς ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε διαμπερὲς ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα πυκνοὺς καὶ θαμέας Od. 14.11, cf. Il. 24.453, Th. 4.90, X. An. 5.2.21; of piles driven in to serve as a foundation, Hdt. 5.16, Th. 7.25.
cross, as the instrument of crucifixion, D.S. 2.18, Ev. Matt. 27.40, Plu. 2.554a; ἐπὶ τὸν σ. ἀπάγεσθαι Luc. Peregr. 34; σ. λαμβάνειν, ἆραι, βαστάζειν, metaph of voluntary suffering, Ev. Matt. 10.38, Ev. Luc. 9.23, 14.27; its form was represented by the Greek letter T, Luc. Jud. Voc. 12.
pale for impaling a corpse, Plu. Art. 17.

ὁ (ἵστημι), ein aufrechtstehender Pfahl, Spitzpfahl, Pallisade ; ἀμφὶ μεγάλην αὐλὴν ποίησαν σταυροῖσιν πυκινοῖσιν, Il. 24.453, σταυροὺς ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε διαμπερὲς ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα πυκνοὺς καὶ θαμέας, Od. 14.11 ; ἰκρία ἐπὶ σταυρῶν ὑψηλῶν ἐζευγμένα, Her. 5.16 ; Xen. An. 5.2.21, u. öfter. – Später das Kreuz zur Hinrichtung, NT.

σταυρός, -oῦ, ὁ
__1. an upright pale or stake (Hom., Hdt., Thuc., al.)
__2. In late writers (Diod., Plut., al.) of the Roman instrument of crucifixion, the Cross: of the Cross on which Christ suffered, Mat.27:32, 40 27:42, Mrk.15:21, 30 15:32, Luk.23:26, Jhn.19:17, 19 19:25, 31, Col.2:14, Heb.12:2; θάνατος σταυροῦ, Php.2:8; τ. αἷμα τοῦ σ., Col.1:20. Metaph., in proverbial sayings: αἴρειν (λαμβάνειν, βαστάζειν) τὸν σ., Mat.10:38 16:24, Mrk.8:34 10:21, 15:21, Luk.9:23 14:27 (for an interesting ex. of metaph. use in π., see MM, xxiii) By meton., for Christ's death on the Cross: 1Co.1:17, Gal.5:11 6:12, 14, Eph.2:16, Php.3:18; ὁ λόγος ὁ τοῦ σ., 1Co.1:18.†
(AS)