(v. a.adv.prep.) : verto (vorto), ti, sum, 3 (
* Inf. vortier, Plaut. Rud. 3, 6, 48; Lucr. 1, 710; 2, 927; 5, 1199 al.), v. a. and n. Sanscr. root vart-, to apply one's self, turn; cf. vart-ukas, round.
* Act., to turn, to turn round or about (syn.: verso, contorqueo).
* Lit.: (luna) eam partem, quaecumque est ignibus aucta, Ad speciem vertit nobis,Lucr. 5, 724: speciem quo,id. 4, 242: ora huc et huc,Hor. Epod. 4, 9: terga,Ov. Tr. 3, 5, 6: gradu discedere verso,id. M. 4, 338: verso pede,id. ib. 8, 869: pennas,i. e. to fly away,Prop. 2, 24, 22 (3, 19, 6): cardinem,Ov. M. 14, 782: fores tacito cardine,Tib. 1, 6, 12: cadum, to turn or tip up, Hor. C. 3, 29, 2: versā pulvis inscribitur hastā,inverted,Verg. A. 1, 478: verte hac te, puere,Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 29; cf.: verti me a Minturnis Arpinum versus,Cic. Att. 16, 10, 1: cum haesisset descendenti (virgini) stola, vertit se et recollegit,Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 9: ante tuos quotiens verti me, perfida, postes,Prop. 1, 16, 43: Pompeiani se verterunt et loco cesserunt,turned about, wheeled about, fled,Caes. B. C. 3, 51; cf.: vertere terga,to turn one's back, run away, betake one's self to flight,id. B. G. 1, 53; 3, 21; id. B. C. 1, 47; 3, 63 fin.; Liv. 1, 14, 9; cf. also: hostem in fugam,to put to flight, rout,id. 30, 33, 16; Auct. B. Afr. 17: iter retro,Liv. 28, 3, 1: hiems (piscis) ad hoc mare,Hor. Epod. 2, 52: fenestrae in viam versae, turned or directed towards, looking towards, Liv. 1, 41, 4; cf.: mare ad occidentem versum,id. 36, 15, 9: Scytharum gens ab oriente ad septentrionem se vertit,Curt. 7, 7, 3: (Maeander) nunc ad fontes, nunc in mare versus,Ov. M. 8, 165: terram aratro, to turn up or over, to plough, etc., Hor. S. 1, 1, 28: ferro terram,Verg. G. 1, 147: glaebas (aratra),Ov. M. 1, 425; 5, 477: solum bidentibus,Col. 4, 5: agros bove,Prop. 3, 7, 43 (4, 6, 43): collem,Col. 3, 13, 8: freta lacertis (in rowing),Verg. A. 5, 141: ex illā pecuniā magnam partem ad se vortit,Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57.—Mid.: vertier ad lapidem, to turn or incline one's self towards, Lucr. 5, 1199: congressi ... ad caedem vertuntur,Liv. 1, 7, 2; so, versi in fugam hostes,Tac. H. 2, 26; cf.: Philippis versa acies retro,Hor. C. 3, 4, 26: sinit hic violentis omnia verti Turbinibus,to whirl themselves about,Lucr. 5, 503: magnus caeli si vortitur orbis,id. 5, 510: vertitur interea caelum,revolves,Verg. A. 2, 250: squamarum serie a caudā ad caput versā,reaching,Plin. 28, 8, 30, § 119.
* Neutr., to turn one's self, direct one's way, to turn about, to turn.
* In gen., to turn: ne ea, quae reipublicae causa egerit, in suam contumeliam vertat,Caes. B. C. 1, 8: in suam rem litem vertendo,Liv. 3, 72, 2: usum ejus (olei) ad luxuriam vertere Graeci,Plin. 15, 4, 5, § 19; cf.: aliquid in rem vertere,turn to account, make profitable,Dig. 15, 3, 1 sqq.: edocere, quo sese vertant sortes,Enn. Trag. v. 64 Vahl.; Verg. A. 1, 671: ne sibi vitio verterent, quod abesset a patriā,Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1: idque omen in Macedonum metum verterunt Tyrii,Curt. 4, 2, 13: in religionem vertentes comitia biennic habita,making a matter of religious scruple,Liv. 5, 14, 2: aquarum insolita magnitudo in religionem versa,id. 30, 38, 10; cf. id. 26, 11, 3: id ipsum quod iter belli esset obstructum, in prodigium et omen imminentium cladium vertebatur,Tac. H. 1, 86 fin.: vertere in se Cotyi data,to appropriate,id. A. 2, 64: perii! quid agam? quo me vertam?Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 1: quo se verteret, non habebat,Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 74; id. Div. 2, 72, 149: Philippus totus in Persea versus,inclined towards him,Liv. 40, 5, 9: toti in impetum atque iram versi,id. 25, 16, 19: si bellum omne eo vertat,id. 26, 12, 13: di vortant bene, Quod agas,cause to turn out well, prosper,Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 121; cf. infra, II. B.; so, in melius somnia,Tib. 3, 4, 95.
* In partic.
* To turn, i. e. to change, alter, transform (syn. muto): Juppiter In Amphitruonis vortit sese imaginem,Plaut. Am. prol. 121: in anginam ego nunc me velim vorti,id. Most. 1. 3, 61: omnes natura cibos in corpora viva Vertit,Lucr. 2, 880: vertunt se fluvii frondes et pabula laeta In pecudes; vertunt pecudes in corpora nostra Naturam, id. 2, 875 sq.; cf.: cum terra in aquam se vertit,Cic. N. D. 3, 12, 31: verte omnis tete in facies,Verg. A. 12, 891: ego, quae memet in omnia verti,id. ib. 7, 309: tot sese vertit in ora,id. ib. 7, 328: inque deum de bove versus erat,Ov. F. 5, 616: Auster in Africum se vertit,Caes. B. C. 3, 26 fin.; cf. Liv. 30, 24, 7: semina malorum in contrarias partes se vertere,Cic. Div. 2, 14, 33: omnia versa et mutata in pejorem partem,id. Rosc. Am. 36, 103: cur nunc tua quisquam Vertere jussa potest,Verg. A. 10, 35: hic continentiam et moderationem in superbiam ac lasciviam vertit,Curt. 6, 6, 1; cf.: fortuna hoc militiae probrum vertit in gloriam,id. 9, 10, 28: versus civitatis status,Tac. A. 1, 4: versis ad prospera fatis,Ov. H. 16, 89: solum, to change one's country, i. e. to emigrate or go into exile, Cic. Balb. 11, 28; Amm. 15, 3, 11 et saep.; v. solum. —With abl. (rare and poet.): nullā tamen alite verti Dignatur,Ov. M. 10, 157; cf. muto.—Prov.: in fumum et cinerem vertere,to turn into smoke, dissipate,Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 39.—Mid.: omnia vertuntur: certe vertuntur amores,Prop. 2, 8, 7 (9): saevus apertam In rabiem coepit verti jocus,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 149.
* To exchange, interchange: nos divitem istum meminimus adque iste pauperes nos; vorterunt sese memoriae,Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 11; cf.: vorsis gladiis depugnarier,id. Cas. 2, 5, 36.
* Of literary productions, to turn into another language, to translate (syn.: transfero, interpretor, reddo): Philemo scripsit, Plautus vortit barbare,Plaut. Trin. prol. 19: si sic verterem Platonem, ut verteruntnostri poëtae fabulas,Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7: verti etiam multa de Graecis,id. Tusc. 2, 11, 26: annales Acilianos ex Graeco in Latinum sermonem vertit,Liv. 25, 39, 12.
* To ply: stimulos sub pectore vertit Apollo,i. e. stimulates the fury,Verg. A. 6, 101.
* In partic., like our to turn upside down, i. e. to overturn, overthrow, subvert, destroy (= everto): Callicratidas cum multa fecisset egregie, vertit ad extremum omnia,Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84: agerent, verterent cuncta,Tac. H. 1, 2; id. A. 2, 42; 3, 36: Cycnum Vi multā,Ov. M. 12, 139: fluxas Phrygiae res fundo,Verg. A. 10, 88; 1, 20; 2, 652: vertere ab imo moenia Trojae,id. ib. 5, 810: Ilion fatalis incestusque judex ... vertit in pulverem,Hor. C. 3, 3, 20: proceras fraxinos,id. ib. 3, 25, 16: ab imo regna,Sen. Hippol. 562: Penates,id. Troad. 91: puppem,Luc. 3, 650: fortunas,Amm. 28, 3, 1.
* Mid., from the idea of turning round in a place, to be engaged in, to be in a place or condition; also to turn, rest, or depend upon a thing: jam homo in mercaturā vortitur,Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 109: res in periculo vortitur,id. Merc. 1, 2, 12; Phaedr. 2, 8, 19; so, res vertitur in majore discrimine,Liv. 6, 36, 7: ipse catervis Vertitur in mediis,Verg. A. 11, 683: omnia in unius potestate ac moderatione vertentur,Cic. Verr. 1, 7, 20; so, spes civitatis in dictatore,Liv. 4, 31, 4: totum id in voluntate Philippi,id. 37, 7, 8: causa in jure,Cic. Brut. 39, 145: hic victoria,Verg. A. 10, 529: cum circa hanc consultationem disceptatio omnis verteretur,Liv. 36, 7, 1: puncto saepe temporis maximarum rerum momenta verti,id. 3, 27, 7.—Impers.: vertebatur, utrum manerent in Achaico concilio Lacedaemonii, an, etc.,Liv. 39, 48, 3.
* To ascribe, refer: quae fuerunt populis magis exitio quam fames morbique, quaeque alia in deum iras velut ultima malorum vertunt,Liv. 4, 9, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.: cum omnium secundorum adversorumque in deos verterent,id. 28, 11, 1.
* = considero; exercitum majorum more vortere, Sall. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 5, 408 dub. (Sall. H. inc. 51 Dietsch ad loc.).
* Lit.: depulsi aemulatione alio vertunt,Tac. A. 1, 18: eoque audaciae provectum ut verteret, etc.,id. ib. 4, 10: utinam mea vocula dominae vertat in auriculas!Prop. 1, 16, 28: versuros extemplo in fugam omnes ratus,Liv. 38, 26, 8 (but in Lucr. 5, 617 the correct read. is cancri se ut vortat).
* Trop., to turn, change, etc.: jam verterat fortuna,Liv. 5, 49, 5: libertatem aliorum in suam vertisse servitutem conquerebantur,id. 2, 3, 3: totae solidam in glaciem vertere lacunae,Verg. G. 3, 365: verterat pernicies in accusatorem, Tac. A. 11, 37: quod si esset factum, detrimentum in bonum verteret,Caes. B. C. 3, 73 fin.: ea ludificatio veri in verum vertit,Liv. 26, 6, 16: talia incepta, ni in consultorem vertissent, reipublicae pestem factura, against, Sall. H. inc. 89 Dietsch: neque inmerito suum ipsorum exemplum in eos versurum,Liv. 7, 38, 6: si malus est, male res vortunt, quas agit,turn out badly,Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 5; so, quae res tibi vertat male,Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 37: quod bene vertat, castra Albanos Romanis castris jungere jubet (= cum bonis omnibus),Liv. 1, 28, 1; 3, 62, 5; 3, 35, 8: quod bene verteret,Curt. 5, 4, 12; 7, 11, 14: hos illi (quod nec vertat bene), mittimus haedos,Verg. E. 9, 6.
* Annus, mensis vertens, the course or space of a year, of a month: anno vertente sine controversiā (petisses),Cic. Quint. 12, 40; so, anno vertente,id. N. D. 2, 20, 53; Nep. Ages. 4, 4; cf.: apparuisse numen deorum intra finem anni vertentis,Cic. Phil. 13, 10, 22: tu si hanc emeris, Numquam hercle hunc mensem vortentem, credo, servibit tibi,Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 76; Macr. S. 1, 14.
* Form versus (vors-).
* After ad and acc.: T. Labienum ad Oceanum versus ... proficisci jubet,Caes. B. G. 6, 33: ad Alpes versus, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 2: ad Cercinam insulam versus, Auct. B. Afr. 8, 3: ad Cordubam versus, Auct. B. Hisp. 11: modo ad Urbem, modo in Galliam versus,Sall. C. 56, 4.
* Form versum (vors-).
* After acc. alone (class. only with names of towns and small islands): verti me a Minturnis Arpinum versus,Cic. Att. 16, 10, 1: Brundisium versus,id. Fam. 11, 27, 3: Ambraciam versus,Caes. B. C. 3, 36: Massiliam versus,id. ib. 2, 3: Narbonem versus,id. B. G. 7, 7.
* After other advv.: deorsum versus,Cato, R. R. 156, 4: sursum versus,Cic. Or. 39, 135: dimittit quoquo versus legationes,Caes. B. G. 7, 4: ut quaedam vocabula utroque versus dicantur,Gell. 5, 12, 10; cf. the adverbs deorsum, sursum, etc.
* After ad and acc.: animadvertit fugam ad se versum fieri,Sall. J. 58, 4.
* After other advv.: cunas rursum vorsum trahere,Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 60 (63): lumbis deorsum versum pressis,Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 5: vineam sursum vorsum semper ducito,Cato, R. R. 33, 1: cum undique versum circumfluat,Gell. 12, 13, 20: utroque vorsum rectum est ingenium meum,Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 8.!*? Versus is said by many lexicons to be also a prep., but no ancient authority can be safely cited for this use. The true readings are: in Italiam versus,Cic. Fam. 4, 12, 1: adversus aedem,Liv. 8, 20, 8: in forum versus,Plin. 10, 43, 60, § 121; and perh. in oppidum, Auct. B. Hisp. 21.