(adjective) : trĕpĭdus, a, um, root in Gr. τρέπω, to turn, put to flight; cf. Lat. torqueo (cf. Fest. p. 367 Müll.); prop. scared; hence
* Restless, agitated, anxious, solicitous, disturbed, alarmed, in a state of trepidation, etc. (not. freq. in prose till the Aug. per.; perh. not at all in Cic. and Caes.): tum trepidae inter se coëunt pennisque coruscant (apes),in a hurry,Verg. G. 4, 73; so, Dido,id. A. 4, 642 Serv.: hic galeam tectis trepidus rapit,id. ib. 7, 638; 9, 233: trepidi improviso metu,Sall. J. 97, 5; cf.: curia maesta ac trepida ancipiti metu,Liv. 2, 24, 3: Romae nocturnus terror ita ex somno trepidam repente civitatem excivit,id. 8, 37, 6: trepidi formidine portas Explorant,Verg. A. 9, 169; Just. 2, 13, 9. — ( β ) With gen.: illae (apes) intus trepidae rerum per cerea castra Discurrunt,Verg. A. 12, 589: Messenii trepidi rerum suarum,Liv. 36, 31, 5; so, rerum suarum,id. 5, 11, 4: salutis,Sil. 12, 13: admirationis ac metus,Tac. A. 6, 21 fin.: tubarum,Stat. Th. 11, 325.
* Of things: illud (ferrum) in trepidā submersum sibilat unda,Ov. M. 12, 279 (Merkel, tepidā); cf.: et foliis undam trepidi despumat aheni,i. e. bubbling, foaming,Verg. G. 1, 296: venae,Ov. M. 6, 389: pes,id. ib. 4, 100: ōs,id. ib. 5, 231: vultus,id. ib. 4, 485: cursus,Verg. A. 4, 672: terror,Lucr. 5, 41: metus,Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 54; Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 15: tumultus belli,Lucr. 3, 846: certamen,Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 48: motus,Ov. M. 8, 606: fletus,id. ib. 4, 673: in re trepidā,in a critical situation, perilous juncture,Liv. 1, 27, 7; 4, 46, 8; 26, 5, 7; cf. in plur.: in trepidis rebus,id. 4, 17, 8; 4, 56, 8; Tib. 2, 3, 21; Hor. C. 3, 2, 5; Sil. 7, 1; cf. Sall. J. 91, 5: incerta et trepida vita,Tac. A. 14, 59; so, vita,id. ib. 4, 70 fin.: litterae,i. e. announcing danger, bringing alarming news,Curt. 7, 1, 36; so, nuntius,Just. 31, 2, 8.—Adv.: trĕpĭdē, hastily, in a state of confusion or alarm, with trepidation: trepide concursans,Phaedr. 2, 5, 2: classis trepide soluta,Liv. 22, 31, 5; so, relictis castris,id. 7, 11, 1: deserta stativa,id. 10, 12, 6: trepide anxieque certare,Suet. Ner. 23.