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Lewis Short
rōbur | rōbor | rōbus (noun N) : (, v. Lucr. p. 140 Lachm.; also an older form , Cato, R. R. 17, 1; Col. 2, 6, 1; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 264 Müll.), , cf. Sanscr. radh-as, abundance; Gr. ῥώννυμι for ῥώθνυμι, to strengthen, ῥώμη
* A very hard kind of oak (cf.: quercus, ilex),Plin. 16, 6, 8, § 19; 16, 7, 10, § 28; 16, 38, 73, § 186; 16, 40, 76, § 204; 16, 40, 77, § 218.— Hence
* Lit.
* In gen., a very hard kind of tree or wood: morsus roboris,i. e. of the wild olive,Verg. A. 12, 783 (a little before: foliis oleaster amaris Hic steterat); so of the same,id. G. 2, 305; cf.: solido de robore myrtus,id. ib. 2, 64: annoso validam robore quercum,i. e. of an old and sturdy trunk,id. A. 4, 441; so, annoso robore quercus,Ov. M. 8, 743: antiquo robore quercus,with ancient trunk,Verg. G. 3, 332: Massyla, i. e. citri,Stat. S. 3, 3, 94; also, Maurorum,id. ib. 4, 2, 39.
* Transf.
* Oak-wood, oak: naves totae factae ex robore,Caes. B. G. 3, 13; cf.: (sapiens) non est e saxo sculptus aut e robore dolatus,Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101; and with this cf. id. Div. 2, 41, 85. — Poet.: illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat,Hor. C. 1, 3, 9; cf.: o saxis nimirum et robore nati!Stat. Th. 4, 340.
* Of things made of oak or of any other hard wood.
* In gen.: Lacedaemonii cottidianis epulis in robore accumbunt,i. e. on oaken, hard benches,Cic. Mur. 35, 74.— So of the wooden horse before Troy: sacrum,Verg. A. 2, 230; of a lance: ferro praefixum,id. ib. 10, 479; Sil. 2, 244; 267; of a club, Ov. M. 12, 349; Mart. 9, 44, 4 et saep.: aratri,i. e. the oaken plough,Verg. G. 1, 162; Val. Fl. 7, 555.
* Hardness, strength, firmness, vigor, power (cf. vires; v. Fabri ad Liv. 21, 1, 2).
* Lit.: duri robora ferri,Lucr. 2, 449; so, ferri,Verg. A. 7, 609: saxi,Lucr. 1, 882: navium,Liv. 37, 30: omnia pariter crescunt et robora sumunt, gain strength, Lucr. 5, 820; 895; cf.: qui si jam satis aetatis atque roboris haberet, ipse pro Sex. Roscio diceret,Cic. Rosc. Am. 51, 149: paululum jam roboris accessit aetati,id. Cael. 30, 73: solidaeque suo stant robore vires,Verg. A. 2, 639; Vulg. Judic. 8, 21: si quod est robur,Flor. 2, 1, 1.
* Trop., power, strength, force, vigor (very freq.): alter virtutis robore firmior quam aetatis,Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 16: in animi excelsi atque invicti magnitudine ac robore,id. Off. 1, 5, 14; so, animi (with magnitudo),id. de Or. 2, 84, 343; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95: robur incredibile animi,id. Mil. 37, 101: quantum in cujusque animo roboris est ac nervorum,id. Fam. 6, 1, 3: multo plus firmamenti ac roboris,id. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; so (with firmamentum) id. Mur. 28, 58; (with firmitas) id. Fin. 5, 5, 12: hi tot equites Romani quid roboris hujus petitioni attulerunt?id. Planc. 8, 21: pectus robore fultum,Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 11: te mea robora fallunt,id. H. 16, 367: velocitate pari, robore animi virumque praestanti,Liv. 24, 26, 11: verba quanti roboris plena,Sen. Ep 10, 3: qui robur aliquod in stilo fecerint,Quint. 10, 3, 10; cf.: robur oratorium adicere sententiis,id. 10, 5, 4; 8, prooem. § 3: illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat,Hor. C. 1, 3, 9; cf.: O saxis nimirum et robore nati,Stat. Th. 4, 340.
* Authority: nostrarum constitutionum, Just. Inst. prooem. 6.
* Concr., the strongest, most effective, or best part, the pith, kernel, strength of any thing; of soldiers, the flower of the troops, choice troops, etc. (freq. and class.): versaris in optimorum civium vel flore vel robore,Cic. Or. 10, 34: et robur et suboles militum interiit, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33; cf.: quod fuit roboris, duobus proeliis interiit,Caes. B. C. 3, 87: quod roboris ea provincia habuerat,Liv. 30, 2; Ov. M. 14, 454 al.: senatūs robur,Liv. 5, 39. — Plur.: tunc C. Flavius Pusio, Cn. Titinnius, C. Maecenas, illa robora populi Romani,Cic. Clu. 56, 163: haec sunt nostra robora,id. Att. 6, 5, 3; Liv. 7, 7; 12; 21, 54; 22, 6; 23, 16; 25, 6 init.: robora pubis,Verg. A. 8, 518; Ov. M. 7, 510: ingentia robora virorum,Plin. Pan. 34, 3: conferta robora virorum,Curt. 3, 5, 13: betae, i. e. stalks, Col. poët. 10, 326. — Of a place, a stronghold: quod coloniam virium et opum validam robur ac sedem bello legisset,Tac. H. 2, 19.—Absol.: robus, the name of an excellent kind of wheat: quoniam et pondere et nitore praestat,Col. 2, 6, 1.
* A very hard kind of oak (cf.: quercus, ilex),Plin. 16, 6, 8, § 19; 16, 7, 10, § 28; 16, 38, 73, § 186; 16, 40, 76, § 204; 16, 40, 77, § 218.— Hence
* Lit.
* In gen., a very hard kind of tree or wood: morsus roboris,i. e. of the wild olive,Verg. A. 12, 783 (a little before: foliis oleaster amaris Hic steterat); so of the same,id. G. 2, 305; cf.: solido de robore myrtus,id. ib. 2, 64: annoso validam robore quercum,i. e. of an old and sturdy trunk,id. A. 4, 441; so, annoso robore quercus,Ov. M. 8, 743: antiquo robore quercus,with ancient trunk,Verg. G. 3, 332: Massyla, i. e. citri,Stat. S. 3, 3, 94; also, Maurorum,id. ib. 4, 2, 39.
* Transf.
* Oak-wood, oak: naves totae factae ex robore,Caes. B. G. 3, 13; cf.: (sapiens) non est e saxo sculptus aut e robore dolatus,Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101; and with this cf. id. Div. 2, 41, 85. — Poet.: illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat,Hor. C. 1, 3, 9; cf.: o saxis nimirum et robore nati!Stat. Th. 4, 340.
* Of things made of oak or of any other hard wood.
* In gen.: Lacedaemonii cottidianis epulis in robore accumbunt,i. e. on oaken, hard benches,Cic. Mur. 35, 74.— So of the wooden horse before Troy: sacrum,Verg. A. 2, 230; of a lance: ferro praefixum,id. ib. 10, 479; Sil. 2, 244; 267; of a club, Ov. M. 12, 349; Mart. 9, 44, 4 et saep.: aratri,i. e. the oaken plough,Verg. G. 1, 162; Val. Fl. 7, 555.
* Hardness, strength, firmness, vigor, power (cf. vires; v. Fabri ad Liv. 21, 1, 2).
* Lit.: duri robora ferri,Lucr. 2, 449; so, ferri,Verg. A. 7, 609: saxi,Lucr. 1, 882: navium,Liv. 37, 30: omnia pariter crescunt et robora sumunt, gain strength, Lucr. 5, 820; 895; cf.: qui si jam satis aetatis atque roboris haberet, ipse pro Sex. Roscio diceret,Cic. Rosc. Am. 51, 149: paululum jam roboris accessit aetati,id. Cael. 30, 73: solidaeque suo stant robore vires,Verg. A. 2, 639; Vulg. Judic. 8, 21: si quod est robur,Flor. 2, 1, 1.
* Trop., power, strength, force, vigor (very freq.): alter virtutis robore firmior quam aetatis,Cic. Phil. 10, 8, 16: in animi excelsi atque invicti magnitudine ac robore,id. Off. 1, 5, 14; so, animi (with magnitudo),id. de Or. 2, 84, 343; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95: robur incredibile animi,id. Mil. 37, 101: quantum in cujusque animo roboris est ac nervorum,id. Fam. 6, 1, 3: multo plus firmamenti ac roboris,id. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; so (with firmamentum) id. Mur. 28, 58; (with firmitas) id. Fin. 5, 5, 12: hi tot equites Romani quid roboris hujus petitioni attulerunt?id. Planc. 8, 21: pectus robore fultum,Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 11: te mea robora fallunt,id. H. 16, 367: velocitate pari, robore animi virumque praestanti,Liv. 24, 26, 11: verba quanti roboris plena,Sen. Ep 10, 3: qui robur aliquod in stilo fecerint,Quint. 10, 3, 10; cf.: robur oratorium adicere sententiis,id. 10, 5, 4; 8, prooem. § 3: illi robur et aes triplex Circa pectus erat,Hor. C. 1, 3, 9; cf.: O saxis nimirum et robore nati,Stat. Th. 4, 340.
* Authority: nostrarum constitutionum, Just. Inst. prooem. 6.
* Concr., the strongest, most effective, or best part, the pith, kernel, strength of any thing; of soldiers, the flower of the troops, choice troops, etc. (freq. and class.): versaris in optimorum civium vel flore vel robore,Cic. Or. 10, 34: et robur et suboles militum interiit, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33; cf.: quod fuit roboris, duobus proeliis interiit,Caes. B. C. 3, 87: quod roboris ea provincia habuerat,Liv. 30, 2; Ov. M. 14, 454 al.: senatūs robur,Liv. 5, 39. — Plur.: tunc C. Flavius Pusio, Cn. Titinnius, C. Maecenas, illa robora populi Romani,Cic. Clu. 56, 163: haec sunt nostra robora,id. Att. 6, 5, 3; Liv. 7, 7; 12; 21, 54; 22, 6; 23, 16; 25, 6 init.: robora pubis,Verg. A. 8, 518; Ov. M. 7, 510: ingentia robora virorum,Plin. Pan. 34, 3: conferta robora virorum,Curt. 3, 5, 13: betae, i. e. stalks, Col. poët. 10, 326. — Of a place, a stronghold: quod coloniam virium et opum validam robur ac sedem bello legisset,Tac. H. 2, 19.—Absol.: robus, the name of an excellent kind of wheat: quoniam et pondere et nitore praestat,Col. 2, 6, 1.
Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary
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