(prep.adv.adv.) : prīmus, a, um
* Adj. sup. [obsol. prep. pri (prei); whence also prior, priscus; cf.: privus, privo, etc., and v. pro], the first, first (properly only when three or more are referred to. The first, as opp. to the second, is prior; but primus is rarely used for prior,Cic. Sest. 19, 44 al.).
* In gen.: qui primus vulnus dicitur obligavisse,Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 57: primus sentio mala nostra: primus rescisco omnia: Primus porro obnuntio,Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 7: verum primum: verum igitur et extremum,Cic. Off. 3, 6, 27: primae litterae,id. Att. 9, 6, 5: primus inter homines nobilissimos,id. Sest. 3, 6: primi ex omnibus philosophis,id. Fin. 4, 7, 17: primus Graeciae in Thraciam introiit,Nep. Alcib. 7, 4: primus de mille fuisses,Ov. H. 17, 105: in primis,among the first, in the foremost ranks,Nep. Paus. 5, 3: in primis stetit,id. Epam. 10, 3: in primis pugnantes,Sall. C. 60, 6: leonem primus, aut in primis ferire, id. J. 6, 1: utque pedum primis infans vestigia plantis institerat (= ut primum, etc., poet.), Verg. A. 11, 573: primus post eos quos poëtae tradiderunt movisse aliqua circa rhetoricen Empedocles dicitur (= secundus or proximus ab iis),Quint. 3, 1, 8.
* In partic.
* In time or place, first, fore, foremost, the first part; sometimes to be translated, the end, extremity, etc.: in primā provinciā,at the entrance of the province,Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 2: digitus,the tip of the finger,Cat. 2, 3: dentes,the front teeth,Plin. 19, 2, 11, § 35: ranis prima lingua cohaeret,the end of the tongue,id. 11, 37, 65, § 172: primā statim nocte,at the beginning of the night,Col. 10, 190: sol,i. e. the rising sun,Verg. A. 6, 255: luna,i. e. the new moon,Plin. 2, 13, 10, § 56.—With quisque, the first possible, the very first: primo quoque tempore,at the very first opportunity,Cic. Fam. 13, 57, 1: primo quoque die,id. Phil. 8, 11, 33: me tibi primum quidque concedente,id. Ac. 2, 16, 49: fluit voluptas et prima quaeque avolat,id. Fin. 2, 32, 106.—Subst.: prīma, ōrum, n., the first part, the beginning: quod bellum, si prima satis prospera fuissent,Liv. 8, 3.—Of the first principles or elements of things, Lucr. 4, 186: prima consiliorum (for prima consilia),Tac. H. 2, 11: a primo, from the beginning, at first: multum improbiores sunt quam a primo credidi,Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139; Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 14; 4, 3, 37: in illā pro Ctesiphonte oratione submissius a primo: deinde pressius,Cic. Or. 8, 26: suam vim retinere a primo ad extremum,id. Fin. 4, 13, 32: hoc a primo cogitavit,id. Att. 8, 11, 2; id. Phil. 2, 30, 75 Halm ad loc.: id a primo rectissime dicitur,id. Fin. 3, 9, 32 Madv. ad loc.: in primo, in front, before, in the beginning, first: equites in primo late ire jubet,in the van,Sall. J. 68, 4: qui numerus in primo viget, jacet in extremo,Cic. Or. 64, 215.
* First in rank or station, chief, principal, most excellent, eminent, distinguished, noble (cf.: princeps, primores): evocat ad se Massiliensium quindecim primos,Caes. B. C. 1, 35: sui municipii facile primus,Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: homo,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 17, § 37: primis urbis placuisse,Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 23: juvenum primi,Verg. A. 9, 785: est genus hominum, qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt Nec sunt,Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17: quia sum apud te primus,I am the first in your favor,id. ib. 1, 2, 10: primus humani generis,Sil. 17, 255: urbem Italiae primam,Petr. 116: praedium,Cato, R. R. 1: suavia prima habere,to give the first place to, think the most of,Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 9: otium atque divitiae, quae prima mortales putant,Sall. C. 36, 4: cura,a chief part,Plin. 5, 25, 21, § 88.—Also, most conspicuous, chief, in a bad sense: peccatores, quorum primus ego sum,Vulg. 1 Tim. 1, 15: primas partes, or primas agere,to play the first part, to occupy the first rank,Ter. Phorm. prol. 27: primas in causis agebat Hortensius,Cic. Brut. 90, 308; 47: primas dare, to give the first place, ascribe the greatest importance to a thing: actioni primas dedisse Demosthenes dicitur, cum rogaretur, quid in dicendo esset primum: huic secundas, huic tertias,Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213: primas deferre, to transfer the first or principal part: amoris erga me tibi primas defero,i. e. I assign to you the first rank among those who love me,id. Att. 1, 17, 5: primas concedere, to yield the first place: si Allienus tibi primas in dicendo partes concesserit,id. Div. in Caecil. 15, 49: primas tenere,to play the first part, be the best,id. Brut. 95, 327: cum primis, and in primis (also written in one word, impri-mis), with or among the first, chiefly, especially, principally, particularly: homo domi suae cum primis locuples,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 69: in primis lautus eques,Nep. Att. 13, 1: oppidum in primis Siciliae clarum,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 86: homo in primis improbissimus,id. ib. 2, 3, 27, § 68: vir magnus in primis,id. N. D. 1, 43, 120: in primis hoc a se animadversum esse dicebat,id. de Or. 3, 5, 17: in primis nobis sermo de te fuit,id. Att. 5, 1, 3: in primis ... dein,first, in the first place,Sall. J. 26, 3. —Hence, adv., primo and primum; also, ante- and post-class. and very rare, prime and primiter (the form primo is usually limited to that which is strictly first in time; primum in enumerations of contemporary facts, things, or arguments, where the order is at the speaker's choice; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 920 sq.).
* Prīmō, at first, at the beginning, first, firstly.
* In gen.: aedes primo ruere rebamur,Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 42: neque credebam primo mihimet Sosiae,id. ib. 2, 1, 50; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 26: primo non accredidit,Nep. Dat. 3, 4: Themistocles solus primo profectus est,id. Them. 6, 5: contemptus est primo a tyrannis,id. Thras. 2, 2; id. Ham. 2, 2.
* Prīmum, at first, first, in the first place, in the beginning (class.).
* (Mostly post-Aug. for primum.) With iterum, rursus, secundo: primo ... iterum,Liv. 2, 51: primo ... rursus,Suet. Aug. 17: primo ... secundo,Phaedr. 4, 10, 16.
* Prīmē, es pecially: fabula prime proba, Naev. ap. Charis. p. 188 P.; cf. Prisc. p. 603 P.
* Prīmĭter, at first, first of all (ante- and post-class.): eripis primiter dapes, Pompon. ap. Non. 154, 26; Inscr. (of the beginning of the third century of Christ) Lab. Epigr. Lat. Scop. in Egitto.
* In gen.: quaerenda pecunia primum est,Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 53: te Quicumque primum Produxit,id. C. 2, 13, 2; id. S. 2, 3, 41.
* With ut, ubi, simulac, cum.
* Ut primum, ubi primum, simul ac primum, cum primum, as soon as ever, as soon as: ut primum potestas data est augendae dignitatis tuae, etc.,Cic. Fam. 10, 13, 1: ubi primum potuit, istum reliquit,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20, § 48: simul ac primum niti possunt, etc.,id. N. D. 2, 48, 124: tum affuerat, cum primum dati sunt judices,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 57.
* Nunc primum, now first, now for the first time (cf.: nunc demum, now at last): post illa nunc primum audio, Quid illo sit factum,Ter. And. 5, 4, 33.
* With dum (also by Plaut. joined in one word, pri-mumdum), in the first place, first (anteclass.): primum dum, si falso insimulas, etc. Iterum si id verum est, etc.,Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 26: omnium primumdum haed aedes jam face occlusae sicut,id. Most. 2, 1, 53; 1, 2, 39; id. Capt. 1, 2, 57: primum dum omnium male dictitatur tibi vulgo in sermonibus,id. Trin. 1, 2, 61.
* With adv. or other expression of time, for the first time: hodie primum ire in ganeum,Plaut. As. 5, 2, 37: quo die primum convocati su mus,Cic. Phil. 5, 11, 30.—*

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