(v. a.P. a.adv.) : prĕmo, essi, essum, 3, v. a.etym. dub.; cf. prelum
* To press (class.).
* Lit.: pede pedem alicui premere,Plaut. As. 4, 1, 30: et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,Verg. A. 7, 518: veluti qui sentibus anguem Pressit humi nitens,id. ib. 2, 379: novercae Monstra manu premens,id. ib. 8, 288: pressit et inductis membra paterna rotis,i. e. drove her chariot over her father's body,Ov. Ib. 366: trabes Hymettiae Premunt columnas,press, rest heavily upon them,Hor. C. 2, 18, 3: premere terga genu alicujus,Ov. Am. 3, 2, 24: ubera plena,i. e. to milk,id. F. 4, 769: vestigia alicujus,to tread in, to follow one's footsteps,Tac. A. 2, 14: nudis pressit qui calcibus anguem,Juv. 1, 43: dente frena,to bite, to champ,Ov. M. 10, 704: ore aliquid,to chew, eat,id. ib. 5, 538; cf.: aliquid morsu,Lucr. 3, 663: presso molari,with compressed teeth,Juv. 5, 160: pressum lac,i. e. cheese,Verg. E. 1, 82.—In mal. part.: Hister Peucen premerat Antro,forced,Val. Fl. 8, 256: uxorem,Suet. Calig. 25.—Of animals: feminas premunt galli,Mart. 3, 57, 17.
* Transf.
* Trop.
* Poet., to hold fast, hold, firmly grasp: premere frena manu,Ov. M. 8, 37: ferrum,to grasp,Sil. 5, 670: capulum,id. 2, 615.
* Moderate, slow, suppressed, kept down.
* To cover, to conceal by covering (mostly poet.): aliquid terrā,to conceal, bury in the earth,Hor. Epod. 1, 33: nonumque prematur in annum,kept back, suppressed,id. A. P. 388: omne lucrum tenebris alta premebat humus,Ov. Am. 3, 8, 36: ossa male pressa,i. e. buried,id. Tr. 5, 3, 39; Plin. 2, 79, 81, § 191; hence, to crown, to cover or adorn with any thing: ut premerer sacrā lauro,Hor. C. 3, 4, 18: molli Fronde crinem,Verg. A. 4, 147: canitiem galeā,id. ib. 9, 612: mitrā capillos,Ov. F. 4, 517; cf. Verg. A. 5, 556.
* Esp., of an orator or of speech.
* To press hard upon, bear down upon, to crowd, pursue closely: hostes de loco superiore,Caes. B. G. 7, 19: Pompeiani nostros premere et instare coeperunt,id. B. C. 3, 46: hac fugerent Graii, premeret Trojana juventus,Verg. A. 1, 467: Pergamenae naves cum adversarios premerent acrius,Nep. Hann. 11, 5: hinc Rutulus premit, et murum circumsonat armis,Verg. A. 8, 473: obsidione urbem,Caes. B. G. 7, 32.—Of the pursuit or chase of animals: ad retia cervum,Verg. G. 3, 413: spumantis apri cursum clamore,id. A. 1, 324: bestias venatione,Isid. 10, 282.
* To press down, burden, load, freight: nescia quem premeret,on whose back she sat,Ov. M. 2, 869: tergum equi,id. ib. 8, 34; 14, 343: et natat exuviis Graecia pressa suis,Prop. 4, 1, 114 (5, 1, 116): pressae carinae,Verg. G. 1, 303: pressus membra mero,Prop. 2, 12 (3, 7), 42: magno et gravi onere armorum pressi,Caes. B. G. 4, 24: auro phaleras,to adorn,Stat. Th. 8, 567.
* To press into, force in, press upon: (caprum) dentes in vite prementem,Ov. F. 1, 355: presso sub vomere,Verg. G. 2, 356; cf.: presso aratro,Tib. 4, 1, 161: alte ensem in corpore,Stat. Th. 11, 542: et nitidas presso pollice finge comas,Prop. 3, 8 (4, 9), 14: et cubito remanete presso,leaning upon,Hor. C. 1, 27, 8.
* To make with any thing (poet.): aeternā notā,Ov. F. 6, 610: littera articulo pressa tremente,id. H. 10, 140: multā via pressa rotā,id. ib. 18, 134.
* To press down, let down, cause to sink down, to lower: nec preme, nec summum molire per aethera currum,Ov. M. 2, 135: humanaeque memor sortis, quae tollit eosdem, Et premit,id. Tr. 3, 11, 67: mundus ut ad Scythiam Rhiphaeasque arduus arces Consurgit, premitur Libyae devexus in Austros,sinks down,Verg. G. 1, 240; Sen. Herc. Fur. 155.
* In partic.
* To press closely, compress, press together, close: oculos,Verg. A. 9, 487: alicui fauces,Ov. M. 12, 509: laqueo collum,to strangle,Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 37: angebar ceu guttura forcipe pressus,Ov. M. 9, 78: presso gutture,compressed,Verg. G. 1, 410; cf.: siquidem unius praecordia pressit ille (boletus) senis,i. e. stopped his breath,Juv. 6, 621: quibus illa premetur Per somnum digitis,choked,id. 14, 221: amplexu presso,united, in close embrace,Sen. Oedip. 192: oscula jungere pressa,to exchange kisses,Ov. H. 2, 94; so, pressa basia,Mart. 6, 34, 1: presso gradu incedere,in close ranks, foot to foot,Liv. 28, 14: pede presso,id. 8, 8.
* To make or form by pressing down, to make any thing deep, to dig: vestigio leviter presso,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 24, § 53; cf. (trop.): vestigia non pressa leviter, sed fixa,id. Sest. 5, 13: sulcum premere,to draw a furrow,Verg. A. 10, 296: fossam transversam, inter montes pressit (al. percussit),Front. Strat. 1, 5: fossa pressa,Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 4: cavernae in altitudinem pressae,Curt. 5, 1, 28.
* To press out, bring out by pressure: tenerā sucos pressere medullā,Luc. 4, 318; cf.: (equus) collectumque fremens volvit sub naribus ignem, Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 95, 68, and id. G. 3, 85 Rib.
* To frequent: feci ut cotidie praesentem me viderent, habitavi in oculis, pressi forum, Cic. Planc. 27, 66.
* To shorten, tighten, draw in: pressis habenis,Verg. A. 11, 600 (cf.: laxas dure habenas,id. ib. 1, 63).
* To keep short, prune: Calenā falce vitem,Hor. C. 1, 31, 9: luxuriem falce,Ov. M. 14, 628: falce premes umbras (i. e. arbores umbrantes),Verg. G. 1, 157; 4, 131: molle salictum,Calp. Ecl. 5, 110.
* To check, arrest, stop: premere sanguinem,Tac. A. 15, 64: vestigia pressit,Verg. A. 6, 197: attoniti pressere gradum,Val. Fl. 2, 424' dixit, pressoque obmutuit ore, was silent, Verg. A. 6, 155.
* To press, press upon, oppress, overwhelm, weigh down; to urge, drive, importune, pursue, to press close or hard, etc. (class.): ego istum pro suis factis pessumis pessum premam,Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 49 Lorenz ad loc.: quae necessitas eum tanta premebat, ut, etc.,Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97: ea, quae premant, et ea, quae impendeant,id. Fam. 9, 1, 2: aerumnae, quae me premunt,Sall. J. 14, 22: pressus gravitate soporis,bound by heavy, deep sleep,Ov. M. 15, 21: cum aut aere alieno, aut magnitudine tributorum, aut injuriā potentium premuntur,Caes. B. G. 6, 13: invidia et odio populi premi,Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228: premi periculis,id. Rep. 1, 6, 10: cum a me premeretur,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139; cf.: aliquem verbo,id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13: criminibus veris premere aliquem,Ov. M. 14, 401: cum a plerisque ad exeundum premeretur, exire noluit,was pressed, urged, importuned,Nep. Ages. 6, 1: a Pompeii procuratoribus sescentis premi coeptus est,Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3: numina nulla premunt; mortali urgemur ab hoste,Verg. A. 10, 375: premere reum voce, vultu,Tac. A. 3, 67: crimen,to pursue obstinately,Quint. 7, 2, 12: confessionem,to force a confession from one,id. 7, 1, 29: argumentum etiam atque etiam,to pursue steadily,Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88: ancipiti mentem formidine pressus,Verg. A. 3, 47: maerore pressa,Sen. Oct. 103: veritate pressus negare non potuit,overcome, overpowered,Lact. 4, 13.
* Transf.
* To repress, hide, conceal (mostly poet.): dum nocte premuntur,Verg. A. 6, 827: curam sub corde,id. ib. 4, 332: odium,Plin. Pan. 62: iram,Tac. A. 6, 50: pavorem et consternationem mentis vultu,id. ib. 13, 16: interius omne secretum,Sen. Ep. 3, 4: dolorem silentio,Val. Max. 3, 3, 1 ext.; cf. silentia, Sil. 12, 646: aliquid ore,Verg. A. 7, 103: jam te premet nox,Hor. C. 1, 4, 16.
* To lower, diminish, undervalue, disparage, depreciate: premendorum superiorum arte sese extollebat,Liv. 22, 12: arma Latini,Verg. A. 11, 402: opuscula ( = deprimere atque elevare),Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 36: famam alicujus,Tac. A. 15, 49: premere ac despicere,Quint. 11, 1, 16: premere tumentia, humilia extollere,id. ib. 10, 4, 1.
* To surpass, exceed: facta premant annos,Ov. M. 7, 449: ne prisca vetustas Laude pudicitiae saecula nostra premat,id. P. 3, 1, 116: quantum Latonia Nymphas Virgo premit,Stat. S. 1, 2, 115.
* To suppress, pull down, humble, degrade: quae (vocabula) nunc situs premit,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 118: nec premendo alium me extulisse velim,Liv. 22, 59, 10; cf. id. 39, 41, 1: premebat reum crimen,id. 3, 13, 1.
* To compress, abridge, condense: haec enim, quae dilatantur a nobis, Zeno sic premebat,Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20.
* To check, arrest, repress, restrain: cursum ingenii tui, Brute, premit haec importuna clades civitatis,Cic. Brut. 97, 332: sub imo Corde gemitum,Verg. A. 10, 464: vocem,to be silent,id. ib. 9, 324: sermones vulgi,to restrain,Tac. A. 3, 6.
* To store up, lay up in the mind, muse upon: (vocem) ab ore Eripuit pater ac stupefactus numine pressit,Verg. A. 7, 119.—Hence, pressus, a, um, P. a.
* Lit.: presso pede eos retro cedentes principes recipiebant,Liv. 8, 8, 9: presso gradu,id. 28, 14, 14; cf.: pressoque legit vestigia gressu,Ov. M. 3, 17.
* Trop.
* Of the voice or manner, subdued: haec cum pressis et flebilibus modis, qui totis theatris maestitiam inferant,Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106.
* Of color, lowered, depressed; hence, dark, gloomy: color pressus,Pall. 4, 13, 4: color viridi pressior,Plin. 35, 6, 13, § 32: spadices pressi,Serv. Verg. G. 3, 82.
* Compressed, concise, plain, without ornament (class.): fiunt pro grandibus tumidi, pressis exiles, fortibus temerarii, etc.,Quint. 10, 2, 16: cum Attici pressi et integri, contra Asiani inflati et inanes haberentur,id. 12, 10, 18.—Of style: pressa et tenuia, et quae minimum ab usu cotidiano recedant,Quint. 10, 1, 102: pressus et demissus stilus,Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 5; Quint. 4, 2, 117.—Comp.: in concionibus pressior, et circumscriptior, et adductior, more moderate, keeping more within bounds, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 4.
* Close, exact, accurate: Thucydides ita verbis aptus et pressus, ut,Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56: quis te fuit umquam in partiundis rebus pressior? more exact, more accurate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 364, 24: sicuti taxare pressius crebriusque est, quam tangere,Gell. 2, 6, 5: quod (periculum) observandum pressiore cautelā censeo,stricter, greater,App. M. 5, p. 160, 36: cogitationes pressiores,id. ib. 5, p. 163, 32.—So of sounds, precise, intelligible: (lingua) vocem profusam fingit atque sonos vocis distinctos et pressos facit,Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149.—Hence, adv.: pressē, with pressure, violently (class.): artius pressiusque conflictata, Atei. Capito ap. Gell. 10, 6, 2.
* Closely, tightly.
* Lit.: vites pressius putare,Pall. 12, 9: pressius colla radere,Veg. Vet. 1, 56.
* Trop.
* Of pronunciation, shortly, neatly, trimly: loqui non aspere, non vaste, non rustice, sed presse, et aequabiliter, et leniter,Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; id. Off. 1, 37, 133.
* Of the mode of expression, etc., concisely, not diffusely: definire presse et anguste,Cic. Or. 33, 117: abundanter dicere, an presse,Quint. 8, 3, 40: pressius et astrictius scripsi,Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 10.
* Without ornament, simply: unum (genus oratorum) attenuate presseque, alterum sublate ampleque dicentium,Cic. Brut. 55, 202: aliquid describere modo pressius, modo elatius,Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 3.
* Closely, exactly, correctly, accurately: mihi placet agi subtilius, et pressius,Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24: definiunt pressius,id. Tusc. 4, 7, 14: anquisitius, et exactius pressiusque disserere,Gell. 1, 3, 21.

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