(adj.adv.) : līber, ĕra, ĕrum (old form, loebesum et loebertatem antiqui dicebant liberum et libertatem. Ita Graeci λοιβὴν et λείβειν, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.; cf. 2. Liber), adj. Gr. root λιφ-, λίπτω, to desire; cf. Sanscr. lub-dhas, desirous; Lat. libet, libido
* That acts according to his own will and pleasure, is his own master; free, unrestricted, unrestrained, unimpeded, unshackled; independent, frank, open, bold (opp. servus, servilis).
* In gen.; constr. absol., with ab, the abl., and poet. also with gen.
* Absol.: dictum est ab eruditissimis viris, nisi sapientem liberum esse neminem. Quid est enim libertas? Potestas vivendi ut velis,Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33: an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat, cui leges imponit, praescribit, jubet, vetat? etc.,id. ib. 5, 2, 36: ad scribendi licentiam liber,id. N. D. 1, 44, 123: agri immunes ac liberi,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166: integro animo ac libero causam defendere,unprejudiced, unbiased,id. Sull. 31, 86: liberi ad causas solutique veniebant,not under obligations, not bribed,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 78 § 192; cf.: libera lingua,Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 9: cor liberum,id. Ep. 1, 2, 43: vocem liberam mittere adversus aliquem,Liv. 35, 32, 6: libera verba animi proferre,Juv. 4, 90: judicium audientium relinquere integrum ac liberum, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150: aliquid respuere ingenuo liberoque fastidio,id. Brut. 67, 236: libero tempore, cum soluta nobis est eligendi optio,id. Fin. 1, 10, 33: tibi uni vexatio direptioque sociorum impunita fuit ac libera,id. Cat. 1, 7, 18: pars quaestionum vaga et libera et late patens,id. de Or. 2, 16, 67: liberum arbitrium eis populo Romano permittente,Liv. 31, 11 fin.; cf. id. 37, 1, 5: mandata,full powers, unlimited authority,id. 37, 56; 38, 8: fenus,unlimited,id. 35, 7: custodia, free custody (i. e. confinement to a house or to a town), id. 24, 45; Vell. 1, 11, 1; v. custodia, II.: legatio, v. legatio: suffragia,the right of voting freely,Juv. 8, 211: locus,free from intruders, undisturbed, secure,Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 2, 25; id. Cas. 3, 2, 4: aedes, a free house, free dwelling (assigned to the use of ambassadors of friendly nations during their stay in Rome), Liv. 30, 17 fin.; 35, 23; 42, 6: lectulus,i. e. not shared with a wife,Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5: toga (poet. for virilis toga), a man's (prop. of one who is his own master), Ov. F. 3, 771: vestis,id. ib. 3, 777: libera omnia sibi servare,to reserve to one's self full liberty,Plin. Ep. 1, 5.—Comp.: hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus, quod, etc.,Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 8: est finitimus oratori poëta, numeris astrictior paulo, verborum licentia liberior,id. de Or. 1, 16, 70: liberiores litterae,id. Att. 1, 13, 1: amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,freer, more unrestrained, more cheerful,id. Lael. 18 fin.: paulo liberior sententia,Quint. 4, 2, 121: liberior in utramque partem disputatio,id. 7, 2, 14: fusiores liberioresque numeri,id. 9, 4, 130: officia liberiora plenioraque,id. 6, 1, 9: (flumina) campo recepta Liberioris aquae,freer, less impeded,Ov. M. 1, 41; cf.: (Tiberinus) campo liberiore natat,freer, opener,id. F. 4, 292: liberiore frui caelo,freer, opener,id. M. 15, 301.—Sup.: liberrimum hominum genus, comici veteres tradunt, etc.,the frankest, most free-spoken,Quint. 12, 2, 22; cf.: liberrime Lolli,most frank, most ingenuous,Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1: indignatio,id. Epod. 4, 10.
* In partic.
* With abl.: animus omni liber curā et angore,free from, without,Cic. Fin. 1, 15: animus religione,Liv. 2, 36: animus cogitationibus aliis,Quint. 11, 2, 35: mens omnibus vitiis,id. 12, 1, 4; cf.: liberis odio et gratia mentibus,id. 5, 11, 37: omni liber metu,Liv. 7, 34: liber invidia,Quint. 12, 11, 7: equus carcere,Ov. Am. 2, 9, 20.
* With gen. (poet.): liber laborum,Hor. A. P. 212: fati gens Lydia,Verg. A. 10, 154: curarum,Luc. 4, 384. —Comp.: liberior campi,having a wider space,Stat. S. 4, 2, 24.—(ε) Liberum est, with subject-clause: quam (opinionem) sequi magis probantibus liberum est,it is free, permitted, allowable,Quint. 6, 3, 112; Plin. Ep. 1, 8: dies eligere certos liberum erat,Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 16.—So in abl. absol.: libero, quid firmaret mutaretve,Tac. A. 3, 60.
* Free, in a social point of view, not a slave (opp. servus; also to ingenuus): neque vendendam censes quae libera est,Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. v. 28: dis habeo gratiam quom aliquot affuerunt liberae, because slaves were not permitted to testify,id. And. 4, 4, 32; opp. ingenuus, free-born: quid ea? ingenuan' an festucā facta e servā liberast?Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 14: in jure civili, qui est matre liberā, liber est,Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Caecin. 36, 96: si neque censu, neque vindictā, nec testamento liber factus est (servus), non est liber,id. Top. 2, 10: quae (assentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,of a freeman,id. Lael. 24, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 43: liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini,Gai. Inst. 1, 10; cf. sqq.: ex ancilla et libero jure gentium servus nascitur, id. ib. 1, 82; cf. § 85; Paul. Sent. 2, 24, 1 sqq.
* Free, in a political point of view; said both of a people not under monarchical rule and of one not in subjection to another people,Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48; cf.: ut ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum, sic hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsa servitute afficit,id. ib. 1, 44, 68: liber populus,id. ib. 3, 34, 46: (Demaratus) vir liber ac fortis,democratic, republican, fond of liberty,id. ib. 2, 19, 34: civitates liberae atque immunes,free from service,Liv. 37, 55: provinciae civitatesque liberae,Suet. Vesp. 8: libera ac foederata oppida,id. Calig. 3: Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,Juv. 8, 244.
* In a bad sense, esp. with reference to sensual pleasure, unbridled, unchecked, unrestrained, licentious: quam liber harum rerum multarum siet (Juppiter),Plaut. Am. prol. 105: adulescens imprudens et liber,Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40; cf.: sit adulescentia liberior,somewhat freer,Cic. Cael. 18, 42: amores soluti et liberi,id. Rep. 4, 4, 4: consuetudo peccandi,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177.—Hence, adv.: lībĕrē, freely, unrestrictedly, without let or hinderance; frankly, openly, boldly: qui nihil dicit, nihil facit, nihil cogitat denique, nisi libenter ac libere,Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34: animus somno relaxatus solute movetur et libere,id. Div. 2, 48, 100: respirare,id. Quint. 11, 39: constanter et libere (me gessi),id. Att. 4, 16, 9: consilium dare,id. Lael. 13, 44: aliquid magis accusatorie quam libere dixisse,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176: omnia libere fingimus et impune,Quint. 6, 1, 43: ut ingredi libere (oratio), non ut licenter videatur errare,Cic. Or. 23, 77.— Comp.: liberius vivendi fuit potestas,Ter. And. 1, 1, 23: loqui,Cic. Planc. 13, 33: fortius liberiusque defendere,Quint. 12, 1, 21: liberius si Dixero quid,Hor. S. 1, 4, 103: maledicere,id. ib. 2, 8, 37: longius et liberius exseritur digitus,Quint. 11, 3, 92; cf. id. 11, 3, 97: ipsaque tellus Omnia liberius, nullo poscente, ferebat,freely, of itself, spontaneously,Verg. G. 1, 127.

līber (noun M) : (
* Gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155; but also: liberorum,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. 1. liber, a child.
* Sing. (post-class. and rare): si quis maximam portionem libero relinquat,Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.
* Plur., children (freq.; but in class. Lat. only of children with reference to their parents: pueri = children in general, as younger than adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).
* Lit.: liberorum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.): cum conjugibus et liberis,Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3: eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse,id. ib. 16, 11, 1: liberos procreare,id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109: suscipere liberos,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161: per liberos te precor,Hor. Epod. 5, 5: dulces,id. ib. 2, 40: parvuli,Quint. 2, 15, 8; opp. parentes,id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: mater quae liberos, quasi oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a privilege enjoyed by those who had three legitimate children (it consisted in the permission to fill a public office before one's twenty-fifth year, and in freedom from personal burdens); this privilege was sometimes also bestowed on those who had fewer than three children, or even none at all; also of one child: non est sine liberis, cui vel unus filius unave filia est,Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5: neque ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem) ... qui liberos tres haberet,Gell. 1, 12, 8: uxores duxerant, ex quibus plerique liberos habebant,Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and great-grandchildren: liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur,Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.: liberi usque ad trinepotem, ultra hos posteriores vocantur,ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7: habitus sis in liberum loco,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.
* Esp.
* Transf., of animals, young: liberis orbas oves,Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically: quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: alia aliam scandit,Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.
* Of children in gen. = pueri: praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione,Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the title of a book by Varro, v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.

lĭber (noun M) : Gr. λέπειν, to peel; λέπος, λεπίς; cf. λοβός
* The inner bark or rind of a tree.
* Lit.
* In gen.: obducuntur libro aut cortice trunci,Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120: colligatae libris (arundines),Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 4: udoque docent (germen) inolescere libro,Verg. G. 2, 77: natam libro et silvestri subere clausam,id. A. 11, 554; id. E. 10, 67: quam denso fascia libro,Juv. 6, 263.
* Transf.
* Paper, parchment, or rolls of any substance used to write upon (cf.: charta, membrana): quasi quom in libro scribuntur calamo litterae,Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131.
* A rescript, decree (post-Aug.): liber principis severus et tamen moderatus,Plin. Ep. 5, 14, 8.
* In partic.
* A division of a work a look: tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura Deorum,Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3: hi tres libri (de Officiis),id. Off. 3, 33, 121: sermo in novem libros distributus,id. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 1: dictum est in libro superiore,id. Off. 2, 13, 43 sicut superiore libro continetur, Quint. 11, 1, 1: versus de libro Ennii annali sexto,id. 6, 3, 86: liber primus, secundus, tertius, etc.,id. 8, 1, 2; 10, 2, 20; 11, 1, 4 al. —Sometimes, in this latter case, liber is omitted: in T. Livii primo,Quint. 9, 2, 37: in tertio de Oratore,id. 9, 1, 26: legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus,Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32.
* A list, catalogue, register, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167.
* A letter, epistle, Nep. Lys. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5.

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