glădĭus | glă-dĭum, ii (noun M.n) : m. (also archaic , , n., Lucil. ap. Non. 208, 13; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, § 81 Müll.; Quint. 1, 5, 16; v. gladiola under gladiolus, I.) [perh. akin to clades, cardo; cf. κλαδάσαι, to brandish]
* A sword (syn. the poet. ensis, acc. to Quint. 10, 1, 11; cf. also: spatha, acinaces, sica, pugio).
* Lit.: arripuit gladium,Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 7; id. Cas. 2, 4, 28: eripite isti gladium, quae sui est impos animi,id. Cas. 3, 5, 9: succincti gladiis media regione cracentes, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 53 Müll. (Ann. v. 497 Vahl.): contecti gladiis, id. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 4, 230 (Ann. v. 415 ib.): occursat ocius gladio comminusque rem gerit Varenus,Caes. B. G. 5, 44, 11: pila miserunt, celeriterque gladios strinxerunt,drew,id. B. C. 3, 93, 1: gladium stringere,Cic. Phil. 2, 9, 21; Verg. A. 12, 278: destringere,Caes. B. G. 1, 25, 2; 7, 12 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 46, 1; 1, 47, 3; Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112; id. Cat. 3, 1, 2; Liv. 27, 13, 9 et saep.: educere,Caes. B. G. 5, 44, 8; Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; Sall. C. 51, 36; cf.: educere e vagina,Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14: nudare,Ov. F. 2, 693: recondere in vaginam,Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14; cf. condere,Quint. 8 praef. § 15: xiphion gladi praebet speciem,Plin. 25, 11, 89, § 138.
* Prov.
* Transf.
* Cum illum (Clodium) plumbeo gladio jugulatum iri tamen diceret (Hortensius), i. e. with very little trouble, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 2.
* Ignem gladio scrutare, stir the fire with a sword (= πῦρ μαχαίρᾳ σκαλεύειν, Pythag. ap. Diog. Laert. 8, 17), Hor. S. 2, 3, 276.
* Gladium alicui dare qui se occidat, to give one the means of ruining himself, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 92.
* Murder, death: cum tanta praesertim gladiorum sit impunitas,Cic. Phil. 1, 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 10, 2, 1; Vell. 2, 3, 3; 2, 125, 2; gladiorum licentia,Cic. Fam. 4, 9 fin.; id. 2, 22, 2: qui universas provincias regunt, jus gladii habent,i. e. the power of life and death,Dig. 1, 18, 6, § 8: potestas gladii,ib. 2, 1, 3; Capitol. Gord. 9.
* A gladiatorial combat: qui cum maxime dubitat, utrum se ad gladium locet an ad cultrum,Sen. Ep. 87 med.: comparare homines ad gladium,Lact. 6, 12 fin.: servus ad gladium vel ad bestias vel in metallum damnatus,Dig. 29, 2, 25.
* Gladius vomeris, a ploughshare, Plin. 18, 18, 48, § 172.
* The sword-fish, also called xiphias (ξιφίας), Plin. 9, 2, 1, § 3; 9, 15, 21, § 54; 32, 11, 53, § 145.

s. TLL