(adjective) : com-mūnis (comoinis, S. C. de Bacch.), e, con and root mu-, to bind; Sanscr. mav-; cf.: immunis, munus, moenia
* That is common to several or to all, common, general, universal, public (opp. proprius, that belongs to one: quod commune cum alio est, desinet esse proprium,Quint. 7, 3, 24; cf. id. 2, 4, 40; 7, 1, 28; 8, 5, 6; 10, 1, 16; 12, 10, 42; 12, 3, 7; v. also the foll.; freq. in all periods and every species of composition); constr. with cum, dat., inter se, or absol.
* Prop.: vetus verbum hoc quidem est: Communia esse amicorum inter se omnia,Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 18: vinea vulpibus et hominibus,Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 5: sepulcrum Asiae Europaeque Troja,Cat. 68, 89: is fit ei cum Roscio communis,Cic. Rosc. Com. 10, 27; cf.: alterum nobis cum dis, alterum cum beluis commune est,Sall. C. 1, 2; Nep. Timol. 1, 4.—Esp. freq. in the formula aliquid cum aliquo commune habere: vetustas habet aliquid commune cum multis, amor non habet,Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 2: cum rerum naturā... quid habere potest commune... gallinaceum fel,id. Div. 2, 12, 29: controversia. quae communes minime cum aliis quaestiones habet,Quint. 5, 10, 110: illum... nihil vobiscum commune habentem,Sen. Const. 15, 2: sciat, se nihil mecum habere commune,id. Ben. 7, 12, 2: omnia cum amico communia habebit, qui multa cum homine,id. Ep. 48, 3; 74, 17; id. Q. N. 2, 37, 2: nec habet (pecudum natura) quidquam commune cum caelo, Lact. de Ira Dei, 7, 4; 8, 3; App. de Deo Socr. 13; Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 9; Sen. Contr. 1, 1, 25, B: vitium commune omnium est,Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 30; cf. Cic. Sen. 11, 35; Lucr. 5, 260; 3, 326; 5, 555: communis imperii (i. e. Romani) fines,Cic. Balb. 5, 13; cf. libertas,id. Sest. 1, 1: salus,id. ib. 6, 15: utilitas,Nep. Alcib. 4, 6: mors,natural,Eutr. 7, 8: verba,i. e. prose,Claud. Epig. 81, 3: jus gentium,Nep. Them. 7, 4 et saep.: vitae ignarus, ignorant of life, i. e. of the customs of society, Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7; cf.: sensu caret,of a sense of propriety,Hor. S. 1, 3, 66 Heind.; cf.: sit in beneficio sensus communis,Sen. Ben. 1, 12, 3; id. Ep. 5, 4; 105, 3; Quint. 1, 2, 20; cf. also: communium litterarum et politioris humanitatis expers,Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72: communis locus, euphem.,the lower world,Plaut. Cas. prol. 19; and for a brothel, Sen. Contr. 1, 2, p. 83 Bip.—In plur.: loca,public places,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 112; id. Fam. 13, 11, 1; but loci, in philos. lang.,a commonplace, common topic,id. de Or. 3, 27, 106; id. Or. 36, 126; Quint. 2, 1, 9; 2, 1, 11; 5, 1, 3; 5, 12, 15; v. locus.
* Subst.: commūne, is, n., that which is common.
* Trop.
* Esp. = τὸ κοινόν, a community, state: commune Latium, Cinc. ap. Fest. p. 241, 18 Müll.: Commune Milyadum,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 38, § 95: Siciliae,id. ib. 2, 2, 46, § 114; 2, 2, 59, § 145; 2, 2, 63, § 154: gentis Pelasgae,Ov. M. 12, 7; cf.: communis Graecia,id. ib. 13, 199; and: res communis = respublica, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 522, 17.
* In commune.
* For common use, for all, for a common object, end, advantage, etc.: metuere,Plaut. As. 2, 2, 20: consulere,Ter. And. 3, 3, 16; Tac. A. 12, 5: conferre,Cic. Quint. 3, 12; id. Inv. 2, 3, 8: vocare honores,i. e. to bestow equally upon patricians and plebeians,Liv. 6, 40, 18: profutura,Quint. 6, 1, 7: laborare (apes),id. 5, 11, 24.—Rarely in communi: ponere libertatem,Tac. A. 13, 27.
* In general, generally (in post-Aug. prose): de jure omni disputandum,Quint. 7, 1, 49; Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 9; Tac. G. 27; 38; 40 al.
* Halves!Sen. Ep. 119, 1; Phaedr. 5, 7, 3.
* That represents the common sentiment, democratic: qui in bello... suo et certorum hominum consilio uteretur, eum magis communem censemus in victoriā futurum fuisse, etc.,Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 2.
* Of manners, accessible, familiar, courteous, condescending, affable (kindr. in sense with comis; hence in MSS. very freq. interchanged with it; v. comis): simplicem et communem et consentientem eligi (amicum) par est,Cic. Lael. 18, 65; so id. Fam. 4, 9, 2: communis infimis, par principibus,Nep. Att. 3, 1; so Eutr. 8, 5; cf. communitas.—Comp., Suet. Claud. 21 dub. (al. comior).—Sup., Suet. Vesp. 22 dub. (al. comissimus).
* T. t.
* In rhet.: commune exordium, quod nihilo minus in hanc quam in contrariam partem causae potest convenire,equally appropriate to either side of a cause,Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 26; cf. Quint. 4, 1, 71; Auct. Her. 1, 7, 11; Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 319.
* In gram.: verbum, a common verb, i. e. one that has both an active and passive signification, Gell. 15, 13, 1; Prisc. p. 787 P.: syllaba = anceps, i. e. either long or short, Don. p. 1389 P.; Charis. p. 3 ib.; Diom. p. 423 ib.: genus,of both masculine and feminine gender,Charis. p. 126 ib. et saep.— Hence, Advv.
* Class. form commū-nĭter, together, in common, jointly, generally (very freq.), Varr. R. R. 2, 10; Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80; id. Rosc. Am. 37, 108; id. N. D. 2, 48, 123; Nep. Pelop. 2, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 13; Ov. M. 6, 262.—Opp. proprie, Quint. 9, 1, 23; opp. separatim,Cic. Fam. 13, 12, 1; cf. id. Arch. 12, 32.—* Comp., Diom. p. 480 P.
* Commūnĭtus: deos colere, Varr. ap. Non. p. 510, 5.

s. TLL