(v. n.P. a.) : căvĕo, cāvi, cautum, (2
* D pers. sing. scanned cavĕs, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 19; imper. cavĕ, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 61; id. Capt. 2, 3, 71; id. Most. 1, 4, 13 et saep.: Cat. 50, 19; Hor. S. 2, 3, 38; Prop. 1, 7, 25; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 435; old sup. CAVITVM, C. I. L. 1, 200, 6 sq.), 3, v. n. and a. [root SKOF- or KOF-, to be wary; whence Gr. θυοσκόος, ἀκούω, etc.; Lat. causa, cura; cf. also Germ. scheuen; Engl. shy], to be on one's guard, either for one's self or (more rarely) for another; hence
* In gen., with and without sibi, to be on one's guard, to take care, take heed, beware, guard against, avoid, = φυλάσσομαι, and the Fr. se garder, prendre garde, etc.; constr., absol., with ub, and in a course of action with ne or ut (also ellipt. with the simple subj.); or, as in Greek, with acc. (= φυλάσσομαί τι); hence also pass. and with inf., and once with cum.
* Absol.: qui consulte, docte, atque astute cavet,Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 14: faciet, nisi caveo,Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 8: ego cavebo,id. Ad. 4, 2, 12; 1, 1, 45: erunt (molesti) nisi cavetis. Cautum est, inquit,Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 93; Quint. 8, 3, 47: cum animum attendisset ad cavendum,Nep. Alcib. 5, 2; Suet. Claud. 37: metues, doctusque cavebis,Hor. S. 2, 7, 68.—Esp. freq. in the warning cave, look out! be careful! Ter. And. 1, 2, 34; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 51; Hor. C. 1, 14, 16; Ov. M. 2, 89.
* Esp.
* With the simple abl.: caveo malo,Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 39: infortunio,id. Rud. 3, 5, 48: id. Cas. 2, 6, 59; id. Men. 1, 2, 13; id. Pers. 3, 1, 41: ipsus sibi cavit loco,i. e. got out of the way,Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 12.
* Followed by a final clause.
* With adversus, Quint. 9, 1, 20.
* As act.
* With ut ne (rare): quod ut ne accidat cavendum est,Cic. Lael. 26, 99.
* With a simple subj.; so only imper.: cave or cavete (cf. age), beware of, take care not, etc.: cave geras,Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 79: dixeris,Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 12: faxis cave,id. And. 4, 4, 14; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 13; Hor. S. 2, 3, 38: sis,Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 29: contingas,Lucr. 2, 755: despuas,Cat. 50, 19: ignoscas,Cic. Lig. 5, 14: existimes,id. Fam. 9, 24, 4: putes,id. ib. 10, 12, 1 al.—Rarely with 1st pers.: cave posthac, si me amas, umquam istuc verbum ex te audiam,Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 8; cf. id. ib. 5, 4, 9.—With 3d pers.: resciscat quisquam,Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 37: te fratrum misereatur,Cic. Lig. 5, 14: roget te,Hor. S. 2, 5, 75: cave quisquam flocci fecerit,Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 5: armis concurrant arma cavete,Verg. A. 11, 293.—And like age, cave with a verb in plur.: cave dirumpatis,Plaut. Poen. prol. 117.
* With ut, to take care that: cauto opu'st, Ut sobrie hoc agatur,Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 29; cf. D. 2, infra: tertium est, ut caveamus, ut ea, quae, etc.,Cic. Off. 1, 39, 141: quaero quid sit, quod... tam accurate caveat et sanciat, ut heredes sui dent, etc.,id. Fin. 2, 31, 101: caverat sibi ille adulter omnium ut suorum scelerum socium te adjutoremque praebeas,id. Pis. 12, 28; Liv. 3, 10, 14; Plin. Pan. 39, 1: cavebitur ut, etc.,Col. 2, 8, 3; cf. under II. A.—Very rarely with ut omitted, take care to, be sure to (late Lat.): sed heus tu... cave regrediare cenā maturius,App. M. 2, p. 122, 32; 2, p. 124, 35.
* With acc. of pers. or thing against which warning is given or beed taken, to guard against, to be aware of, to beware of, etc.: profecto quid nunc primum caveam, nescio,Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 104: tu, quod cavere possis, stultum admittere'st,Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 23; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 437, 23: caveamus fulminis ictum,Lucr. 6, 406: cave canem, Varr. ap. Non. p. 153, 1; Inscr. Orell. 4320; v. canis: interventum alicujus,Cic. Att. 16, 11, 1: omnia,id. Fam. 11, 21, 4: me,id. Dom. 11, 28: vallum caecum fossasque,Caes. B. C. 1, 28: quam sit bellum cavere malum,Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247: vim atque opes,Tac. A. 11, 1; cf. Suet. Tib. 72: male praecinctum puerum,id. Caes. 456: periculum,id. ib. 81; id. Galb. 19: insidias,id. Caes. 86; Tac. A. 13, 13: exitum,Suet. Tib. 83: annum,id. Ner. 40: maculas,Hor. A. P. 353: jurgia,Ov. A. A. 1, 591: hunc tu caveto,Hor. S. 1, 4, 85: proditorem,Quint. 7, 1, 30: hoc caverat mens provida Reguli,had prevented,Hor. C. 3, 5, 13: cave quicquam,be a little careful,Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 61.
* Pass.: quid cavendum tibi censere, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 437, 22: cavenda est etiam gloriae cupiditas,Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68: cetera, quae quidem consilio provideri poterunt, cavebuntur,id. Att. 10, 16, 2; Quint. 8, 2, 2; 9, 4, 143; 11, 3, 27 (cf. id. 6, 5, 2): in hoc pestifero bello cavendo,Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 1: quod multis rationibus caveri potest,id. Off. 2, 24, 84; Sall. J. 67, 2: prius quod cautum oportuit, Postquam comedit rem, post rationem putat,Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 14: ego tibi cautum volo,id. Pers. 3, 1, 41: satis cautum tibi ad defensionem fore,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 35, § 88: quid quisque vitet, nunquam homini satis Cautum est,Hor. C. 2, 13, 14: id modo simul orant ac monent, ut ipsis ab invidiā caveatur,Liv. 3, 52, 11; cf. B. 1. supra: cauto opus est,care must be taken,Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 64; id. Most. 4, 2, 21; id. Merc. 2, 3, 133.
* With inf.: in quibus cave vereri ( = noli),Cic. Att. 3, 17, 3: caveret id petere a populo Romano, quod, etc.,Sall. J. 64, 2: caveto laedere,Cat. 50, 21: occursare capro caveto,Verg. E. 9, 25: commisisse cavet, quod, etc.,Hor. A. P. 168: cave Spem festinando praecipitare meam,Ov. P. 3, 1, 139: ut pedes omnino caveant tinguere,Plin. 8, 42, 68, § 169.
* Law t. t., to take care for, provide, order something, legally, or (of private relations) to order, decree, dispose of in writing, by will, to stipulate, etc.: cum ita caverent, si, etc.,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 31: duae sunt praeterea leges de sepulcris, quarum altera privatorum aedificiis, altera ipsis sepulcris cavet,id. Leg. 2, 24, 61: cautum est in Scipionis legibus ne plures essent, etc.,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 123: cautum est lege XII. Tab., ut, etc.,Plin. 16, 5, 6, § 15: cavebatur ut, etc.,Suet. Aug. 1; so,id. ib. 65; id. Tib. 75: quae legibus cauta sunt,Quint. 5, 10, 13: aliā in lege cautum,Cic. Inv. 2, 41, 119: cautum est de numero,Suet. Caes. 10; cf. id. Aug. 40: heredi caveri,Cic. Inv. 2, 41, 120; cf. id. Fam. 7, 6, 2: si hoc, qui testamentum faciebat, cavere noluisset,id. Leg. 2, 21, 53: testamento cavere ut dies natalis ageretur,id. Fin. 2, 31, 103; cf. Suet. Aug. 59; id. Dom. 9; id. Tib. 50: sibi se privatim nihil cavere... militibus cavendum, quod apud patres semel plebi, iterum legionibus cautum sit ne fraudi secessio esset,to make conditions, stipulate,Liv. 7, 41, 2.
* In the lang. of business.
* Cavere ab aliquo, to make one's self secure, to procure bail or surety: tibi ego, Brute, non solvam, nisi prius a te cavero, amplius, etc.,Cic. Brut. 5, 18; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 55; cf. infra 2.; and cautio, II.—So absol.: quid ita Flavio sibi cavere non venit in mentem,to take security,Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 35.
* In boxing, etc., to parry, to ward off a blow: adversos ictus cavere ac propulsare,Quint. 9, 1, 20; 5, 13, 54; cf. id. 9, 4, 8; 4, 2, 26.
* Cavere alicui.
* To keep something from one, to protect, have a care for, make safe, take care of (cf.: prohibeo, defendo, provideo): scabiem pecori et jumentis caveto,Cato, R. R. 5, 7: melius ei cavere volo, quam ipse aliis solet,Cic. Fam. 3, 1, 3: mihi meisque,id. Top. 1, 4; id. Fam. 7, 6, 2: veterani, quibus hic ordo diligentissime caverat,id. Phil. 1, 2, 6; cf.: qui in Oratore tuo caves tibi per Brutum, Caes. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 4: quique aliis cavit, non cavet ipsi sibi,Ov. A. A. 1, 84: securitati,Suet. Tit. 6: concordiae publicae,Vell. 2, 48, 5; Petr. 133; Sil. 8, 493.
* Neutr., careful, circumspect, wary, cautious, provident (syn.: providus, prudens; class. in prose and poetry): ut cautus est, ubi nihil opu'st,Ter. Phorm. 4, 5, 3: parum cauti providique,Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 117: cauti in periculis,id. Agr. 1, 9, 27: in scribendo,id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 3: in credendo,id. Att. 10, 9, 3: in verbis serendis,Hor. A. P. 46: mensor,Ov. M. 1, 136: mariti,id. ib. 9, 751: lupus,Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 50: vulpes,id. ib. 1, 1, 73 et saep.: quem certi homines monuerunt, ut cautior esset,Cic. Sest. 18, 41: dubium cautior an audentior,Suet. Caes. 58.—Constr. with ad: ad praesentius malum cautiores,Liv. 24, 32, 3; Tib. 1, 9, 46; Quint. 6, 1, 20. —With adversus: parum cautus adversus colloquii fraudem,Liv. 38, 25, 7.—With erga: erga bona sua satis cautus,Curt. 10, 1, 40.—With contra: contra quam (fortunam) non satis cauta mortalitas est,Curt. 8, 4, 24.—With inf.: cautum dignos assumere,Hor. S. 1, 6, 51.—With gen.: rei divinae,Macr. S. 1, 15.
* Transf. to inanimate things: consilium,Cic. Phil. 13, 3, 6; Tac. A. 11, 29: cautissima senectus,id. H. 2, 76: pectus,Prop. 3 (4), 5, 8. manus,Ov. F. 2, 336: terga,id. Tr. 1, 9, 20: arma,Sil. 14, 188: timor,Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 65.—Subst.: cauta, ōrum, n.: legum,the provisions,Cassiod. Var. 5, 14.
* Pass. (acc. to I. B. 1., and II. B.), made safe, secured: cautos nominibus rectis expendere nummos,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105: cautus ab incursu belli,Luc. 4, 409: quo mulieri esset res cautior (that her property might be made more secure), curavit, ut, etc., Cic. Caecin. 4, 11.
* Trop., safe, secure (rare): in eam partem peccare, quae est cautior,Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 56: (civitates) murorum firmitate cautissimae,Amm. 14, 8, 13.—Adv.: cau-tē.
* (Acc. to caveo, I. A.) Cautiously: caute et cogitate rem tractare,Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 46: pedetentimque dicere,Cic. Clu. 42, 118: et cum judicio,Quint. 10, 2, 3 et saep. —Comp., Cic. Deiot. 6, 18; Quint. 2, 15, 21; 9, 2, 76; Hor. C. 1, 8, 10 al.—Sup., Cic. Att. 15, 26, 3.
* (Acc. to caveo, I. B. 1.) With security, cautiously, Cic. Leg. 2, 21, 53: aliter nec caute nec jure fieri potest,id. Att. 15, 17, 1.

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