LAT
calculus
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Lewis Short
calcŭlus (noun M) : dim.2. calx; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 46.
* In gen., a small stone, a pebble: conjectis in os calculis,Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261: Demosthenes calculos linguā volvens dicere domi solebat,Quint. 11, 3, 54; Vitr. 7, 2: argilla et dumosis calculus arvis,gravel in the thorny fields,Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 180; Plin. 4, 8, 15, § 37; 28, 9, 33, § 124.
* Trop., of discourse: qui tenui venulā per calculos fluunt,Quint. 12, 10, 25.
* Esp.
* A stone in the bladder or kidneys, the gravel, stone, Cels. 7, 26: curare,Plin. 20, 21, 86, § 234: comminuere et eicere,id. 20, 4, 13, § 23; cf. eicere,Suet. Aug. 80: movere,Plin. 20, 22, 91, § 248: exturbare,id. 20, 10, 42, § 109: frangere,id. 22, 21, 29, § 59: rumpere,id. 23, 8, 80, § 153.
* In late Lat., a small weight: calculus constat ex granis ciceris duobus, Auct. Ponder ap. Goes. Agr. p. 322 (in Isid. Orig. 16, 25, 8, called calcus).
* Trop.: calculum reducere, to take back a move: tibi concedo, quod in XII. scriptis solemus, ut calculum reducas, si te alicujus dati paenitet, Cic. ap. Non. p. 170, 28 (Hortens. Fragm. 51 B. and K.): quā re nunc saltem ad illos calculos revertamur, quos tum abjecimus, i. e. those principles of action, id. Att. 8, 12, 5.
* A stone used in reckoning on the counting-board; hence meton., a reckoning, computing, calculating: calculi et rationes,Quint. 11, 3, 59; 7, 4, 35; 8, 3, 14; 12, 11, 18 Spald.: calculos subducere,to compute, reckon, cast up,Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 60: ponere,Col. 3, 3, 7: ponere cum aliquo,Plin. Pan. 20, 5: de posteris cogitanti in condicionibus deligendus ponendus est calculus,id. ib. 1, 14, 9: amicitiam ad calculos vocare,to subject to an accurate reckoning, hold to a strict account,Cic. Lael. 16, 58: si ad calculos eum respublica vocet,settles accounts, reckons,Liv. 5, 4, 7: revocare aliquid ad calculos,Val. Max. 4, 7, 1: ratio calculorum,Col. 1, 3, 8.
* Trop.: cum aliquā re parem calculum ponere,i.e. to render equal for equal,Plin. Ep. 5, 2, 1: quos ego movi calculos,considerations which I have suggested,id. ib. 2, 19, 9.
* In the most ancient per., a stone used in voting; a vote, sentence, decision, suffrage; a white one for assent or acquittal, a black for denial or condemnation; cf. Ov. M. 15, 41 sq.; App. M. 10, p. 242.— Hence judicialis, Imp. Just. Cod. 3, 1, 12: deteriorem reportare, i. e. an adverse decision, Impp. Diocl. et Max. Cod. 7, 62, 10: calculis omnibus,by a unanimous vote,App. M. 7, p. 191, 21.—Trop.: si modo tu fortasse errori nostro album calculum adjeceris,i. e. approve,Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5.
* The Thracians were accustomed to preserve the recollection of fortunate occurrences by white stones, and of unfortunate by black, Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 131.—Hence
* Trop.: o diem laetum, notandumque mihi candidissimo calculo!i. e. a most happy day!Plin. Ep. 6, 11, 3; cf. Mart. 12, 34, 9, § 53; Pers. 2, 1 sq.
* In gen., a small stone, a pebble: conjectis in os calculis,Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261: Demosthenes calculos linguā volvens dicere domi solebat,Quint. 11, 3, 54; Vitr. 7, 2: argilla et dumosis calculus arvis,gravel in the thorny fields,Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 180; Plin. 4, 8, 15, § 37; 28, 9, 33, § 124.
* Trop., of discourse: qui tenui venulā per calculos fluunt,Quint. 12, 10, 25.
* Esp.
* A stone in the bladder or kidneys, the gravel, stone, Cels. 7, 26: curare,Plin. 20, 21, 86, § 234: comminuere et eicere,id. 20, 4, 13, § 23; cf. eicere,Suet. Aug. 80: movere,Plin. 20, 22, 91, § 248: exturbare,id. 20, 10, 42, § 109: frangere,id. 22, 21, 29, § 59: rumpere,id. 23, 8, 80, § 153.
* In late Lat., a small weight: calculus constat ex granis ciceris duobus, Auct. Ponder ap. Goes. Agr. p. 322 (in Isid. Orig. 16, 25, 8, called calcus).
* Trop.: calculum reducere, to take back a move: tibi concedo, quod in XII. scriptis solemus, ut calculum reducas, si te alicujus dati paenitet, Cic. ap. Non. p. 170, 28 (Hortens. Fragm. 51 B. and K.): quā re nunc saltem ad illos calculos revertamur, quos tum abjecimus, i. e. those principles of action, id. Att. 8, 12, 5.
* A stone used in reckoning on the counting-board; hence meton., a reckoning, computing, calculating: calculi et rationes,Quint. 11, 3, 59; 7, 4, 35; 8, 3, 14; 12, 11, 18 Spald.: calculos subducere,to compute, reckon, cast up,Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 60: ponere,Col. 3, 3, 7: ponere cum aliquo,Plin. Pan. 20, 5: de posteris cogitanti in condicionibus deligendus ponendus est calculus,id. ib. 1, 14, 9: amicitiam ad calculos vocare,to subject to an accurate reckoning, hold to a strict account,Cic. Lael. 16, 58: si ad calculos eum respublica vocet,settles accounts, reckons,Liv. 5, 4, 7: revocare aliquid ad calculos,Val. Max. 4, 7, 1: ratio calculorum,Col. 1, 3, 8.
* Trop.: cum aliquā re parem calculum ponere,i.e. to render equal for equal,Plin. Ep. 5, 2, 1: quos ego movi calculos,considerations which I have suggested,id. ib. 2, 19, 9.
* In the most ancient per., a stone used in voting; a vote, sentence, decision, suffrage; a white one for assent or acquittal, a black for denial or condemnation; cf. Ov. M. 15, 41 sq.; App. M. 10, p. 242.— Hence judicialis, Imp. Just. Cod. 3, 1, 12: deteriorem reportare, i. e. an adverse decision, Impp. Diocl. et Max. Cod. 7, 62, 10: calculis omnibus,by a unanimous vote,App. M. 7, p. 191, 21.—Trop.: si modo tu fortasse errori nostro album calculum adjeceris,i. e. approve,Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5.
* The Thracians were accustomed to preserve the recollection of fortunate occurrences by white stones, and of unfortunate by black, Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 131.—Hence
* Trop.: o diem laetum, notandumque mihi candidissimo calculo!i. e. a most happy day!Plin. Ep. 6, 11, 3; cf. Mart. 12, 34, 9, § 53; Pers. 2, 1 sq.
Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary
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