LAT
ante
JSON
Lewis Short
(prep.adv.prep.adv.prep.prep.adj.adv.) : antĕ (old form anti, whence antidea, antideo, antidhac; v. antea, anteeo, and antehac) [Gr. ἀντί, over against, facing, ἄντα, ἄντην; Sanscr. anti = over against; Germ. ant- in Ant-wort = Goth. anda-vaurdi, an answer, anda-nahti, the night before], prep. and adv. (acc. to Max. Victor. p. 1953, as prep. with the grave accent; as adv. with the acute on the last syl.).
* Prep. with acc., before (syn.: prae, pro).
* In space, or trop. in regard to estimation, judgment, or rank (usu. only of objects at rest. while prae is used of those in motion; cf. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 1, 21; v. exceptions infra).
* Adv., of space and time (the latter most freq.).
* Of time.
* Of time, before, previously (always in reference to another past time, while ante as prep. is used in reference to the present).
* Ante omnia.
* In composition.
* Comparatively, above all, especially, chiefty: publica maestitia eo ante omnia insignis, quia matronae annum, ut parentem, eum luxerunt,Liv. 2, 7; 7, 4: quae natura multis et ante omnia ursis,Plin. 8, 35, 53, § 125: dulces ante omnia Musae,the Muses pleasing above all things,Verg. G. 2, 475; id. E. 2, 72: deformem et taetrum ante omnia vultum,Juv. 10, 191.
* In entering upon the discussion of several particulars, or in adducing arguments, first of all, in the first place (similar to ac primum quidem, καὶ πρῶτον μὲν οὖν; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 4, 2, 4): ante omnia quid sit rhetorice,Quint. 2, 15, 1: ante omnia igitur imitatio per se ipsa non sufficit,id. 10, 2, 4; so id. 1, 2, 9; 4, 2, 40; 4, 2, 52; 5, 13, 6; 9, 1, 23.
* Before: ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 13; cf. Dirks. Transl. 177 sq.: ante lucem a portu me praemisisti domum,Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 55; so Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 259; id. Inv. 2, 4, 15; Suet. Galb. 22; Vulg. Luc. 24, 22: ante diem caupo sciet,Juv. 9, 108: ante brumam,Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 28: ante noctem,Hor. S. 1, 4, 51: pereundum erit ante lucernas,Juv. 10, 339: ante haec omnia,Vulg. Luc. 21, 12.— The designation of time is often expressed paraphrastically.
* By a person who lived at the time: jam ante Socratem,before the time of,Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 44: qui honos togato habitus ante me est nemini,before me, before my time,id. Cat. 4, 3: ante Jovem nulli subigebant arva coloni,Verg. G. 1, 125: vixere fortes ante Agamemnona Multi,Hor. C. 4, 9, 25: ante Helenam,id. S. 1, 3, 107: ante se,Tac. H. 1, 50: quod ante eum nemo,Suet. Caes. 26 al.
* Hence particular phrases.
* Ante tempus
* Ante diem (abbrev. a. d.) with an ordinal number gives the date, not of the foregoing, but of the present day; e. g. ante diem quintum (a. d. V.) Kalendas Apriles, the fifth day before the calends of April. Orig. the ante belonged to Kalendas, and they said either, ante die quinto Kalendas (i. e. die quinto ante Kalendas), or ante diem quintum Kalendas; the latter phraseology became the prevailing one, and ante diem, being considered as one word, the prepp. in and ex could be prefixed; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 12; Duker ad Liv. 27, 23; Rudd. II. p. 291; Madv. Gr. Suppl. I.; Drak. ad Liv. 45, 2, 12: me ante diem XIII. Kalendas Januarias principem revocandae libertatis fuisse, the thirteenth before the calends of January, i. e. the 20th of Dec., Cic. Phil. 14, 7, 20: ante diem XII. Kalendas Novembres, the 21st of Oct.: ante diem VI. Kalendas Novembres, the 27th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3: ante diem VIII. Kalendas Decembres, the 24th of Nov., id. Phil. 3, 8: a. d. IV. Id. Mart. (ante diem quartum Idus Martias), i. e. the 12th of March, Liv. 40, 59: ante diem III. Non. Jan. M. Cicero natus est, i. e. on the 3d of Jan., Gell. 15, 28 al.: in ante diem quartum Kal. Dec. distulit,Cic. Phil. 3, 8: caedem te optimatium contulisse in ante diem V. Kal. Nov., to the 28th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3: ex ante diem VII. Id. Febr.,Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1: nuntii venerant ex ante diem Non. Jun. usque ad prid. Kal. Sept., from the 3d of June, Cic. Att. 3, 17: supplicatio indicta est ante diem V. Id. Oct. cum eo die in quinque dies,Liv. 45, 2, 12.
* Sometimes to designate the whole time until the passing moment: ante id tempus et mari et terrā duces erant Lace daemonii,Nep. Arist. 2, 3: qui honos huic uni ante id tempus contigit,id. Timoth. 2, 3: invictus ante eam diem fuerat,Curt. 5, 3, 22.
* Ante annos, before the destined time: Ante suos annos occidit,Ov. Am. 2, 2, 46: Ante annos animumque gerens curamque virilem,beyond his years,Verg. A. 9, 311 (cf.: suos annos praeterire,Sil. 4, 428; and: annos transcendere factis,id. 2, 348).
* Ante hoc, for antea, antehac, belongs to the later Latin: ante hoc incognita,Luc. 6, 116: ante hoc domūs pars videntur,Tac. G. 13.
* Of space, before, in front, forwards: post me erat Aegina, ante Megara, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 9: fluvius ab tergo, ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat,Liv. 27, 18; 22, 5: coronatus stabit et ante calix,Tib. 2, 5, 98: plena oculis et ante et retro,Vulg. Apoc. 4, 6.—Of motion (cf. supra, I. A. 1.): si aut manibus ingrediatur quis aut non ante, sed retro,Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35: pallida Tisiphone morbos agit ante metumque,Verg. G. 3, 552.
* With verbs: nonne oportuit Praescīsse me ante,Ter. And. 1, 5, 4: id te oro, ut ante eamus,id. ib. 3, 3, 24; very freq. in Cic.: quod utinam illi ante accidisset,Cic. Phil. 11, 14: quae ante acta sunt,Cic. Verr. 1, 109: sicut ante fecimus,Vulg. Jos. 8, 5; ib. Jud. 16, 20: fructus omnis ante actae vitae,Cic. Marcell. 3; so Ov. M. 12, 115, and Tac. A. 6, 16: apud vos ante feci mentionem,Cic. Agr. 3, 4: faciam hoc non novum, sed ab eis ante factum,Cic. Verr. 1, 55; Verg. E. 9, 63; Juv. 3, 243; 15, 320: illud de quo ante dixi,Cic. Sex. Rosc. 116: quos ante dixi,id. Off. 2, 14, 50: ut ante dixi,id. Imp. Pomp. 16; id. Mil. 45: quem ad modum ante dixi,id. Sex. Rosc. 91: additis, quae ante deliquerant,Tac. A. 6, 9: filium ante sublatum brevi amisit,id. Agr. 6; id. G. 10; id. A. 11, 7; id. H. 2, 43.—And often accomp. by jam: acceperam jam ante Caesaris litteras, ut etc.,Cic. Phil. 2, 49; id. Marcell. 12; Cic. Verr. 2, 23.—Rarely accomp. by saepe.: ut saepe ante fecerant,Cic. Balb. 40; id. Rab. Post. 13.
* Rarely with adjj.: non filius ante pudicus,Juv. 3, 111: quos acciverat, incertum, experiens an et ante gnavos,Tac. A. 14, 7.
* Often with substt. in the abl. or acc. for a more accurate designation of time (cf. also abhinc with the abl. and acc.; in these cases ante was considered by the ancient critics as a prep., which could also govern the abl.; cf. Charis. p. 209 P.; Serv. ad Verg. E. 1, 30. The position of ante is sometimes before and sometimes after the subst., and sometimes between the numeral and the subst.): illos septem et multis ante saeculis Lycurgum accepimus fuisse sapientes,Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7: etsi perpaucis ante diebus (i. e. before the departure of Theophilus, of whom mention is afterwards made) dederam Q. Mucio litteras ad te,id. Fam. 4, 9: paucis diebus ante,id. Phil. 2, 40: viginti annis ante,id. Lael. 12, 42: voverat eam annis undecim ante,Liv. 40, 52, 4 (cf. id. 40, 51: quae bello Ligustico ante annis octo vovisset): optimum erit ante annum scrobes facere,a year before,Col. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 7: Tyron urbem ante annum Trojanae cladis condiderunt,a year before the fall of Troy,Just. 18, 3, 5: ante quadriennium amissus es,four years previously,Tac. Agr. 45: aliquot ante annos,Suet. Caes. 12; v. id. ib. 81 al.
* Followed by quam (written also as one word, antequam; the form prius quam was more freq. in archaic Latin), sooner than; before.
* With ind. pres.: ante quam doceo id factum non esse, libet mihi,Cic. Quinct. 48: ante quam ad sententiam redeo, de me pauca dicam,id. Cat. 4, 20; id. Mil. 7; id. Deiot. 7; id. Clu. 6.
* For the designation of order, foll. by tum, deinde, etc., first, in the first place (only in later Lat. for the class. primum): ut ante caput, deinde reliqua pars auferatur,Cels. 7, 29: et ante dicam de his, quae, etc.: tum, etc.,id. 5, 26: ante tonderi ... deinde ... tum, etc.,id. 6, 6, 8; so Plin. 34, 13, 34, § 131 dub.
* Very rarely used as adj. (in imitation of the Greek): neque enim ignari sumus ante malorum,earlier, previous ills,Verg. A. 1, 198 (cf. τῶν πάρος κακῶν, Soph. O. T. 1423): ille elegit, qui recipit ante meliorem,Quint. Decl. 1, 14; cf. Liv. 24, 82, 5 (on this use of the adv., v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 76, 5).
* With subj. pres.: ante quam veniat in Pontum, litteras ad Cn. Pompeium mittet,Cic. Agr. 2, 53: hac lege ante omnia veniunt, quam gleba una ematur,id. ib. 2, 71; id. Sest. 15; id. Phil. 1, 1; Verg. E. 1, 60 sqq.; Vulg. Gen. 11, 4; ib. 4 Reg. 2, 9; ib. Matt. 6, 8.
* With subj. imperf.: Romae et ad urbem, ante quam proficisceretur, quaerere coepit,Cic. Verr. 2, 167: qui (sol) ante quam se abderet, fugientem vidit Antonium,id. Phil. 14, 27; 8, 1; Cic. Verr. 4, 147; Vulg. Gen. 2, 5; 13, 10; ib. Matt. 1, 18; ib. Joan. 8, 58.
* With subj. perf.: ante vero quam sit ea res adlata, laetitiā frui satis est,Cic. Phil. 14, 1: domesticum malum opprimit ante quam prospicere potueris,Cic. Verr. 1, 39; id. Sull. 44; id. Planc. 40: nec ante vincere desierint quam Rubro mari inclusis quod vincerent defuerit,Liv. 42, 52: nec ante (barbam capillumque) dempserit quam vindicāsset,Suet. Caes. 67.
* With subj. pluperf.: se ante quam eam uxorem duxisset domum, sperāsse etc.,Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 71: qui ante quam de meo adventu audire potuissent, in Macedoniam perrexi,Cic. Planc. 98: ut consul ante fieret, quam ullum alium magistratum capere licuisset,id. Imp. Pomp. 62; id. Quinct. 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 55; 2, 171.
* With inf.: dici vix potest quam multa sint quae respondeatis ante fieri oportere, quam ad hanc rationem devenire,Cic. Quinct. 54.
* With part.: armati nullum ante finem pugnae quam morientes fecerunt,Liv. 21, 15, 4 (on the use of these different constructions, v. Roby, §§ 1671, 1462, 1672 etc.; Draeger, Hist. Synt. II. pp. 589 sqq.; and esp. Fischer, Gr. § 621). —In the poets sometimes with quam before ante: Respice item quam nil ad nos anteacta vetustas Temporis aeterni fuerit, quam nascimur ante,Lucr. 3, 972: Non ego signatis quicquam mandare tabellis, Ne legat id nemo quam meus ante, velim,Tib. 4, 7, 8; Mart. 9, 36, 6.—Also in the poets sometimes pleon. ante—prius—quam: sed mihi vel tellus optem prius ima dehiscat Ante, pudor, quam te violo aut tua jura resolvo,Verg. A. 4, 24; so, prius—quam— ante: Aut prius infecto deposcit praemia cursu, Septima quam metam triverit ante rota?Prop. 3, 20, 25.
* Of space, before, in front of, forwards: antepono, antefigo, antefero, antemitto.
* Fig. of preference, before, above: antepono.
* Of degree, before, above, more: antepotens, antepollens
* In designations of time only with adjj. and advv.: antelucanus, antemeridianus, antehac, antelucio.With verbs, ante is more correctly written separately: ante actus, ante factus, ante gestus, ante paro, etc., although editions differ in this respect. V. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 361-390, and pp. 394-402.
* Prep. with acc., before (syn.: prae, pro).
* In space, or trop. in regard to estimation, judgment, or rank (usu. only of objects at rest. while prae is used of those in motion; cf. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 1, 21; v. exceptions infra).
* Adv., of space and time (the latter most freq.).
* Of time.
* Of time, before, previously (always in reference to another past time, while ante as prep. is used in reference to the present).
* Ante omnia.
* In composition.
* Comparatively, above all, especially, chiefty: publica maestitia eo ante omnia insignis, quia matronae annum, ut parentem, eum luxerunt,Liv. 2, 7; 7, 4: quae natura multis et ante omnia ursis,Plin. 8, 35, 53, § 125: dulces ante omnia Musae,the Muses pleasing above all things,Verg. G. 2, 475; id. E. 2, 72: deformem et taetrum ante omnia vultum,Juv. 10, 191.
* In entering upon the discussion of several particulars, or in adducing arguments, first of all, in the first place (similar to ac primum quidem, καὶ πρῶτον μὲν οὖν; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 4, 2, 4): ante omnia quid sit rhetorice,Quint. 2, 15, 1: ante omnia igitur imitatio per se ipsa non sufficit,id. 10, 2, 4; so id. 1, 2, 9; 4, 2, 40; 4, 2, 52; 5, 13, 6; 9, 1, 23.
* Before: ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 13; cf. Dirks. Transl. 177 sq.: ante lucem a portu me praemisisti domum,Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 55; so Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 259; id. Inv. 2, 4, 15; Suet. Galb. 22; Vulg. Luc. 24, 22: ante diem caupo sciet,Juv. 9, 108: ante brumam,Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 28: ante noctem,Hor. S. 1, 4, 51: pereundum erit ante lucernas,Juv. 10, 339: ante haec omnia,Vulg. Luc. 21, 12.— The designation of time is often expressed paraphrastically.
* By a person who lived at the time: jam ante Socratem,before the time of,Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 44: qui honos togato habitus ante me est nemini,before me, before my time,id. Cat. 4, 3: ante Jovem nulli subigebant arva coloni,Verg. G. 1, 125: vixere fortes ante Agamemnona Multi,Hor. C. 4, 9, 25: ante Helenam,id. S. 1, 3, 107: ante se,Tac. H. 1, 50: quod ante eum nemo,Suet. Caes. 26 al.
* Hence particular phrases.
* Ante tempus
* Ante diem (abbrev. a. d.) with an ordinal number gives the date, not of the foregoing, but of the present day; e. g. ante diem quintum (a. d. V.) Kalendas Apriles, the fifth day before the calends of April. Orig. the ante belonged to Kalendas, and they said either, ante die quinto Kalendas (i. e. die quinto ante Kalendas), or ante diem quintum Kalendas; the latter phraseology became the prevailing one, and ante diem, being considered as one word, the prepp. in and ex could be prefixed; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 12; Duker ad Liv. 27, 23; Rudd. II. p. 291; Madv. Gr. Suppl. I.; Drak. ad Liv. 45, 2, 12: me ante diem XIII. Kalendas Januarias principem revocandae libertatis fuisse, the thirteenth before the calends of January, i. e. the 20th of Dec., Cic. Phil. 14, 7, 20: ante diem XII. Kalendas Novembres, the 21st of Oct.: ante diem VI. Kalendas Novembres, the 27th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3: ante diem VIII. Kalendas Decembres, the 24th of Nov., id. Phil. 3, 8: a. d. IV. Id. Mart. (ante diem quartum Idus Martias), i. e. the 12th of March, Liv. 40, 59: ante diem III. Non. Jan. M. Cicero natus est, i. e. on the 3d of Jan., Gell. 15, 28 al.: in ante diem quartum Kal. Dec. distulit,Cic. Phil. 3, 8: caedem te optimatium contulisse in ante diem V. Kal. Nov., to the 28th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3: ex ante diem VII. Id. Febr.,Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1: nuntii venerant ex ante diem Non. Jun. usque ad prid. Kal. Sept., from the 3d of June, Cic. Att. 3, 17: supplicatio indicta est ante diem V. Id. Oct. cum eo die in quinque dies,Liv. 45, 2, 12.
* Sometimes to designate the whole time until the passing moment: ante id tempus et mari et terrā duces erant Lace daemonii,Nep. Arist. 2, 3: qui honos huic uni ante id tempus contigit,id. Timoth. 2, 3: invictus ante eam diem fuerat,Curt. 5, 3, 22.
* Ante annos, before the destined time: Ante suos annos occidit,Ov. Am. 2, 2, 46: Ante annos animumque gerens curamque virilem,beyond his years,Verg. A. 9, 311 (cf.: suos annos praeterire,Sil. 4, 428; and: annos transcendere factis,id. 2, 348).
* Ante hoc, for antea, antehac, belongs to the later Latin: ante hoc incognita,Luc. 6, 116: ante hoc domūs pars videntur,Tac. G. 13.
* Of space, before, in front, forwards: post me erat Aegina, ante Megara, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 9: fluvius ab tergo, ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat,Liv. 27, 18; 22, 5: coronatus stabit et ante calix,Tib. 2, 5, 98: plena oculis et ante et retro,Vulg. Apoc. 4, 6.—Of motion (cf. supra, I. A. 1.): si aut manibus ingrediatur quis aut non ante, sed retro,Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35: pallida Tisiphone morbos agit ante metumque,Verg. G. 3, 552.
* With verbs: nonne oportuit Praescīsse me ante,Ter. And. 1, 5, 4: id te oro, ut ante eamus,id. ib. 3, 3, 24; very freq. in Cic.: quod utinam illi ante accidisset,Cic. Phil. 11, 14: quae ante acta sunt,Cic. Verr. 1, 109: sicut ante fecimus,Vulg. Jos. 8, 5; ib. Jud. 16, 20: fructus omnis ante actae vitae,Cic. Marcell. 3; so Ov. M. 12, 115, and Tac. A. 6, 16: apud vos ante feci mentionem,Cic. Agr. 3, 4: faciam hoc non novum, sed ab eis ante factum,Cic. Verr. 1, 55; Verg. E. 9, 63; Juv. 3, 243; 15, 320: illud de quo ante dixi,Cic. Sex. Rosc. 116: quos ante dixi,id. Off. 2, 14, 50: ut ante dixi,id. Imp. Pomp. 16; id. Mil. 45: quem ad modum ante dixi,id. Sex. Rosc. 91: additis, quae ante deliquerant,Tac. A. 6, 9: filium ante sublatum brevi amisit,id. Agr. 6; id. G. 10; id. A. 11, 7; id. H. 2, 43.—And often accomp. by jam: acceperam jam ante Caesaris litteras, ut etc.,Cic. Phil. 2, 49; id. Marcell. 12; Cic. Verr. 2, 23.—Rarely accomp. by saepe.: ut saepe ante fecerant,Cic. Balb. 40; id. Rab. Post. 13.
* Rarely with adjj.: non filius ante pudicus,Juv. 3, 111: quos acciverat, incertum, experiens an et ante gnavos,Tac. A. 14, 7.
* Often with substt. in the abl. or acc. for a more accurate designation of time (cf. also abhinc with the abl. and acc.; in these cases ante was considered by the ancient critics as a prep., which could also govern the abl.; cf. Charis. p. 209 P.; Serv. ad Verg. E. 1, 30. The position of ante is sometimes before and sometimes after the subst., and sometimes between the numeral and the subst.): illos septem et multis ante saeculis Lycurgum accepimus fuisse sapientes,Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7: etsi perpaucis ante diebus (i. e. before the departure of Theophilus, of whom mention is afterwards made) dederam Q. Mucio litteras ad te,id. Fam. 4, 9: paucis diebus ante,id. Phil. 2, 40: viginti annis ante,id. Lael. 12, 42: voverat eam annis undecim ante,Liv. 40, 52, 4 (cf. id. 40, 51: quae bello Ligustico ante annis octo vovisset): optimum erit ante annum scrobes facere,a year before,Col. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 7: Tyron urbem ante annum Trojanae cladis condiderunt,a year before the fall of Troy,Just. 18, 3, 5: ante quadriennium amissus es,four years previously,Tac. Agr. 45: aliquot ante annos,Suet. Caes. 12; v. id. ib. 81 al.
* Followed by quam (written also as one word, antequam; the form prius quam was more freq. in archaic Latin), sooner than; before.
* With ind. pres.: ante quam doceo id factum non esse, libet mihi,Cic. Quinct. 48: ante quam ad sententiam redeo, de me pauca dicam,id. Cat. 4, 20; id. Mil. 7; id. Deiot. 7; id. Clu. 6.
* For the designation of order, foll. by tum, deinde, etc., first, in the first place (only in later Lat. for the class. primum): ut ante caput, deinde reliqua pars auferatur,Cels. 7, 29: et ante dicam de his, quae, etc.: tum, etc.,id. 5, 26: ante tonderi ... deinde ... tum, etc.,id. 6, 6, 8; so Plin. 34, 13, 34, § 131 dub.
* Very rarely used as adj. (in imitation of the Greek): neque enim ignari sumus ante malorum,earlier, previous ills,Verg. A. 1, 198 (cf. τῶν πάρος κακῶν, Soph. O. T. 1423): ille elegit, qui recipit ante meliorem,Quint. Decl. 1, 14; cf. Liv. 24, 82, 5 (on this use of the adv., v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 76, 5).
* With subj. pres.: ante quam veniat in Pontum, litteras ad Cn. Pompeium mittet,Cic. Agr. 2, 53: hac lege ante omnia veniunt, quam gleba una ematur,id. ib. 2, 71; id. Sest. 15; id. Phil. 1, 1; Verg. E. 1, 60 sqq.; Vulg. Gen. 11, 4; ib. 4 Reg. 2, 9; ib. Matt. 6, 8.
* With subj. imperf.: Romae et ad urbem, ante quam proficisceretur, quaerere coepit,Cic. Verr. 2, 167: qui (sol) ante quam se abderet, fugientem vidit Antonium,id. Phil. 14, 27; 8, 1; Cic. Verr. 4, 147; Vulg. Gen. 2, 5; 13, 10; ib. Matt. 1, 18; ib. Joan. 8, 58.
* With subj. perf.: ante vero quam sit ea res adlata, laetitiā frui satis est,Cic. Phil. 14, 1: domesticum malum opprimit ante quam prospicere potueris,Cic. Verr. 1, 39; id. Sull. 44; id. Planc. 40: nec ante vincere desierint quam Rubro mari inclusis quod vincerent defuerit,Liv. 42, 52: nec ante (barbam capillumque) dempserit quam vindicāsset,Suet. Caes. 67.
* With subj. pluperf.: se ante quam eam uxorem duxisset domum, sperāsse etc.,Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 71: qui ante quam de meo adventu audire potuissent, in Macedoniam perrexi,Cic. Planc. 98: ut consul ante fieret, quam ullum alium magistratum capere licuisset,id. Imp. Pomp. 62; id. Quinct. 9; Cic. Verr. 2, 55; 2, 171.
* With inf.: dici vix potest quam multa sint quae respondeatis ante fieri oportere, quam ad hanc rationem devenire,Cic. Quinct. 54.
* With part.: armati nullum ante finem pugnae quam morientes fecerunt,Liv. 21, 15, 4 (on the use of these different constructions, v. Roby, §§ 1671, 1462, 1672 etc.; Draeger, Hist. Synt. II. pp. 589 sqq.; and esp. Fischer, Gr. § 621). —In the poets sometimes with quam before ante: Respice item quam nil ad nos anteacta vetustas Temporis aeterni fuerit, quam nascimur ante,Lucr. 3, 972: Non ego signatis quicquam mandare tabellis, Ne legat id nemo quam meus ante, velim,Tib. 4, 7, 8; Mart. 9, 36, 6.—Also in the poets sometimes pleon. ante—prius—quam: sed mihi vel tellus optem prius ima dehiscat Ante, pudor, quam te violo aut tua jura resolvo,Verg. A. 4, 24; so, prius—quam— ante: Aut prius infecto deposcit praemia cursu, Septima quam metam triverit ante rota?Prop. 3, 20, 25.
* Of space, before, in front of, forwards: antepono, antefigo, antefero, antemitto.
* Fig. of preference, before, above: antepono.
* Of degree, before, above, more: antepotens, antepollens
* In designations of time only with adjj. and advv.: antelucanus, antemeridianus, antehac, antelucio.With verbs, ante is more correctly written separately: ante actus, ante factus, ante gestus, ante paro, etc., although editions differ in this respect. V. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 361-390, and pp. 394-402.
Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary
This web service is provided and maintained by TELOTA - IT/DH
