(P. a.) : adversus (archaic advor-), a, um
* Turned toward, opposite, in front of, etc., v. adverto, 1.

(adv.P. a.) : adversus and adversum (archaic advor-), adv. and
* Prep.: adv., opposite to, against; prep., toward, against, before, etc.; v. adverto, P. a. 2.

(adv.prep.) : adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting
* Direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).
* Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense: ibo advorsum,Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29: facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,id. Men. 2, 3, 82: obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22: adversus resistere,Nep. Pelop. 1, 3: nemo adversus ibat,Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.): solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23: ei advorsum venimus,id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.
* Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.
* In a friendly sense.
* Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12: adversus advocatos,Liv. 45, 7, 5: medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,opposite to the patient,Cels. 3, 6: adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87: Lerina, adversum Antipolim,id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.
* In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word):  ̏Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,˝ Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8: advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48: advorsum te fabulare illud,against thy interest, to thy disadvantage,id. Stich. 4, 2, 11: stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19: adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195: respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,id. ib. 2, 3, 28, § 69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,id. Phil. 1, 13 al.—In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.: gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,Caes. B. C. 1, 46: adversus se non esse missos exercitus,Liv. 3, 66: bellum adversum Xerxem moret,Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3: copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,Liv. 8, 2, 5: adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,id. 26, 25, 10 al.: T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.): adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.: frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,Tac. A. 15, 64.—Trop.: egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure: advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,Sall. J. 43, 5: invictus adversum gratiam animus,Tac. A. 15, 21: adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,Suet. Tib. 28: Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to: fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,Curt. 4, 14: infirmus adversum pecuniam,Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6: inferior adversus laborem,id. Epit. 40, 20.!*?
* In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to: repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,will be compared with,Liv. 24, 8, 8: quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,id. 7, 32, 8.
* Of demeanor toward one, to, toward: quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11: te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage,id. ib. 9, 22, 15: lentae adversum imperia aures,Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1; Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28: adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier: sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,id. ib. 1, 11, 33: adversus merita ingratissimus,Vell. 2, 69, 5: summa adversus alios aequitas erat,Liv. 3, 33, 8: ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.: beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely (ε) of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing: epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,as addressed to a censor of manners,Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8: quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,in regard to the same,Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.
* Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs: egone ut te advorsum mentiar,Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: hunc adversus,Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3: quos advorsum ierat,Sall. J. 101, 8.
* It sometimes suffers tmesis: Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,Caes. B. G. 6, 33: animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,Sall. J. 58: animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus: in Galliam vorsus castra movere,Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. εἰς-δε: εἰς ἅλαδε, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

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