(adjective) : ācer, cris, cre, (m. acris, Enn.; f. acer, Naev. and Enn.; acrus, a um, Pall.; Veg.; cf. Charis. 63 and 93 P.) [cf. ἀκίς, ἀκών, άκμή, ἄκρος, ὠκύς, ὀξύς; Sanscr. acan = dart, acus = swift; Germ. Ecke; Engl. edge, to egg; and with change of quantity, ăcus, acuo, ăceo, ăcies, ăcerbus]
* Sharp, pointed, piercing, and the like.
* Prop., of the senses and things affecting them, sharp, dazzling, stinging, pungent, fine, piercing: praestans valetudine, viribus, formā, acerrimis integerrimisque sensibus,Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45. So
* Of the sight: acerrimus sensus videndi,Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357: acres oculi,id. Planc. 27: splendor,Lucr. 4, 304: quidam colores ruboris acerrimi,Sen. Q. N. 1, 14 al.
* Of the states of mind: violent, vehement, passionate, consuming: mors amici subigit, quae mihi est senium multo acerrimum, Att. ap. Non. 2, 22: acri ira percitus,Lucr. 5, 400: cf. 3, 312; 6, 754 (on the contrary, 5, 1194: iras acerbas): acres curae,Lucr. 3, 463, and Var. ap. Non. 241: luctus,ib. 87: dolor,Verg. A. 7, 291: metus,Lucr. 6, 1211; Verg. A. 1, 362: amor,Tib. 2, 6, 15: acrior ad Venerem cupido,Curt. 6, 5 al. (Among unpleasant sensations, acer designates a piercing, wounding by sharpness; but acerbus the rough, harsh, repugnant, repulsive.)
* Of the internal states of the human system, violent, sharp, severe, gnawing: fames, Naev. ap. Prisc. l. l. (B. Punic. p. 18 ed. Vahl.): somnus, Enn. ap. Prisc. l. l. (Ann. v. 369): morbus,Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 119: dolor,Lucr. 6, 650: sitis,Tib. 1, 3, 77 al.
* Of taste: ut vitet acria, ut est sinapi, cepa, allium, Var. ap. Non. 201, 13: acres humores,sharp juices,Cic. N. D. 2, 23: lactuca innatat acri stomacho,an acid stomach,Hor. S. 2, 4, 59; cf. ib. 2, 8, 7: dulcibus cibis acres acutosque miscere,Plin. Ep. 7, 3 al.
* Of sensation in its widest extent: aestatem auctumnus sequitur, post acer hiems fit, sharp, severe, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 647 P. (Ann. v. 406 ed. Vahl.—cf. Lucr. 3, 20; 4, 261); and so Hor.: solvitur acris hiems, C. 1. 4, 1.
* Applied to the intellectual qualities, subtle, acute, penetrating, sagacious, shrewd: acrem irritat virtutem animi,Lucr. 1, 70: acri judicio perpende,id. 2, 1041: memoria,strong, retentive,Cic. de Or. 2, 87: vir acri ingenio,id. Or. 5; cf. id. Sest. 20 al.
* Applied to moral qualities.
* In a good sense, active, ardent, eager, spirited, brave, zealous: milites,Cic. Cat. 2, 10: civis acerrimus,an ardent patriot,id. Fam. 10, 28: defensor,id. ib. 1, 1: studio acriore esse,id. de Or. 1, 21: jam tum acer curas venientem extendit in annum rusticus,Verg. G. 2, 405 al.
* Of abstract things (mostly poet.), Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 32: egestas,Lucr. 3, 65: poenas,id. 6, 72: impetus,ib. 128; 392: acerrimum bellum,Cic. Balb. 6: nox acerrima atque acerbissima,id. Sull. 18: acrius supplicium,id. Cat. 1, 1; in Quint.: acres syllabae, which proceed from short to long, 9, 4.—Acer is constr. with abl., and also (esp. in the histt. of the silv. age) with gen., Vell. 1, 13; Tac. H. 2, 5 al.; cf. Ramsh. § 107, 6 note. With in, Cic. Fam. 8, 15; with inf., Sil. 3, 338.—Adv.: ācrĭter, sharply, strongly, vehemently, eagerly, zealously, etc., in all the signif. of the adj., Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 110; id. Ps. 1, 3, 39; Lucr. 6, 783; Cic. Tusc. 1, 30 al.—Comp., Lucr. 3, 54; 5, 1147; Hor. S. 2, 3, 92; Tac. A. 6, 45; 13, 3.—Sup., Cic. Fl. 11; id. Fam. 10, 28; 15, 4.—Also, ācre, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 132, 25; App. M. 10, 32; and perh. Pers. 4, 34.

ăcer (noun N.f) : n.kindred with Germ. Ahorn (f. Serv. ap. Prisc. p. 698 P.)
* The maple-tree, Plin. 16, 15, 26, § 66 sq.
* Transf., the wood of the maple-tree, maplewood, used, on account of its hardness and firmness, for writing-tablets, Plin. 33, 11, 52, § 146; Ov. Am. 1, 11, 28.

s. TLL

s. TLL