τάφρος < GRC < Lemma

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τάφρος

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Bailly

ου (ἡ) fosse, fossé, IL. 7, 341, etc. ; HDT. 4, 3 ; SOPH. Aj. 1279, etc.

➳ ὁ τ., ALCIDAM. 184, 23.

Étym. θάπτω.

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LSJ

ἡ, ditch, trench, freq. in Il. (once in Od., 21.120); τάφρον ὀρύξομεν Il. 7.341, cf. IG1². 94.21, 34, Th. 2.78, al. ; ἀμφὶ δὲ τάφρον ἤλασαν drew a trench, Il. 7.449, cf. Hdt. 4.3, Alcid. Od. 5, etc. ; τάφρων ὕπερ over the trenches, S. Aj. 1279, cf. Aen.Tact. 37.3, al., OGI 90.24 (Rosetta, ii BC); irrigation-ditch, PHal. 1.97, al., PSI 6.597.5 (both iii BC); it is sts. found as masc. in codd., e.g. Ph. Bel. 99.43 (cod. V), D.S. 22.10.5; but βαθύν is Ep. for βαθεῖαν in Call. Del. 37; Dor. τράφος Tab.Heracl. 1.130, 2.51.

Liddell-Scott-Jones, Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1940)

Pape

ἡ, der Graben, Hom. u. Folgde ; τάφρον ὀρύσσειν, Il. 7.341, 440 ; τάφρον ἤλασαν, 449, 9.349 ; Soph. Aj. 1258 ; Eur. oft, auch τύμβου τάφρον ἐς κοίλην, Hec. 900 ; διαπηδᾶν τάφρον, Ar. Ach. 1141 ; u. in Prosa, Plat. Euthyphr. 4c, Critia. 118c, u. Folgde überall.
Callim. soll das Wort auch als masc. gebraucht haben, wie es auch Alcidam. u. Apollod. 1.8.1 hat. – Es hängt mit θάπτω, τάφος, wie im Deutschen Grab u. Graben zusammen.

Pape, Griechisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch (3. Aufl., 1914)

TBESG

a ditch, trench , [Homer (8th/7th c.BC)], etc.; τάφρον ὀρύσσειν [Iliad by Homer (8th/7th c.BC)], etc.; τ. ἐλαύνειν to draw a trench , [Iliad by Homer (8th/7th c.BC)]
(ML)

Translators Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek based on Abbot-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (1922) (=AS), with corrections and adapted by Tyndale Scholars