εως (ἡ) :
   I action de poser sur, d’où addition ou application d’une ch. sur une autre, ARSTT. Rhet. 3, 2, 12 ; κόμης προσθέσεις, PHILSTR. Ep. 22, usage de cheveux postiches, d’une perruque ;
   II action de poser contre, d’où application (d’une échelle contre un mur, etc.) THC. 4, 135 ;
   III action de poser en outre, addition, PLAT. Phæd. 97 a, etc. ; t. d’arithm. addition, p. opp. à ἀφαίρεσις, « soustraction », ARSTT. Metaph. 12, 7, 11, etc. ;
   IV action de placer devant, d’où :
      1 action de présenter des aliments, de donner à manger, HPC. Aph. 1242 ;
      2 fig. protection, aide (des dieux) POLYEN 2, 3, 8 ;
      3 t. de gr. prothèse, addition d’une lettre ou d’une syllabe initiale (p. ex. ἀ- dans ἀμέλγω = lat. mulgeo) RHÉT. 3, 566 W.

Étym. προστίθημι.

εως (Dor. ποτίθεσις SIG 569.25 (Halasarna, iii BC)), ἡ, (< προστίθημι) application, ναρθήκων Hp. Fract. 6; of pessaries, Id. Mul. 1.11 (pl.), Nat. Mul. 11; of ladders, π. [κλίμακος] Th. 4.135, cf. Plb. 5.60.7; of the cupping-instrument, Arist. Rh. 1405b3; κόμης προσθέσεις the use of false hair, Philostr. Ep. 22; metaph, Phld. Sign. 26.
attachment, ζῳδίων IG1². 374.287; of leaf to stem, Thphr. HP 7.6.2.
administration of food, nourishment, Hp. Aph. 1.19 (pl.), Gal. Nat. Fac. 1.11, 17 (2).364.
addition, διὰ τὴν π. τοῦ ἑτέρου τῷ ἑτέρῳ Pl. Phd. 97a, cf. 101b, 101c; αὔξησις κατὰ πρόσθεσιν Arist. GC 333b1, cf. Ph. 245a27; opp. ἀφαίρεσις, ib. 190b6, Hp. Acut. 38; so in arithmetical sense, ἀριθμεῖσθαι κατὰ π. Arist. Metaph. 1081b14, cf. 1092b31.
increase, Vett.Val. 20.17. in the Logic of Aristotle, addition of marks (such as properties, accidents, and the like) to determine a general term, Int. 21b27, Metaph. 1029b30; ἀκρατὴς κατὰ πρόσθεσιν with a difference, opp. ἁπλῶς, Arist. EN 1148a10; ὁ ἐκ προσθέσεως λόγος, opp. ὁ ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως, Id. Metaph. 1030b15; hence ἐκ προσθέσεως, of mixed, opp. ἐξ ἀφαιρέσεως, of pure sciences, Id. Cael. 299a17; ἡ ἐξ ἐλαττόνων [ἐπιστήμη], opp. ἡ ἐκ π., of arithmetic opp. geometry, Id. APo. 87a34, cf. Metaph. 982a27.
assignment, prouision, SIG l.c. Gramm., addition of a letter or syllable (as Ϝ in Ϝρῆξις, ἀ in ἄσταχυς), Trypho Pass. 1.11, 3.2. π. τοῦ ἡλίου increase of the sun΄s heat, i.e. spring, PMagLeid. W. 9.48. in Music, pause of two time-units, Aristid.Quint. 1.18. (< προστίθεμαι) assent, Arr. Epict. 1.4.11; ψεύδεσι Stoic. 3.147.
aid, succour, π. τοῦ θεοῦ Polyaen. 2.3.8.

ἡ, das Zusetzen, Hinzusetzen ; διὰ τὴν πρόσθεσιν τοῦ ἑτέρου τῷ ἑτέρῳ, Plat. Phaed. 97a ; der Zusatz, Arist. eth. 7.4 ; Anhang, Sp. – Beitritt, Beistand, Beistimmung, wie προσθήκη, Polyaen. 2.3.8. – Das Ansetzen, κλιμάκων, Thuc. 4.135, wie Pol. 5.60.7 ; eine lange Reihe, Aristid.Quint. p. 41.

1. a putting to, application of ladders to a wall, [Thucydides (Refs 5th c.BC)]; of the cupping-glass, [Aristotle Philosopher (Refs 4th c.BC)]
2. an adding, addition , [Plato Philosophus (5th/4th c.BC)] (ML)