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            "lemma": "στοιχεῖον",
            "meanings": 1,
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                {
                    "dictionary": "Bailly",
                    "reference": "Bailly 2020 Hugo Chávez Gérard Gréco, André Charbonnet, Mark De Wilde, Bernard Maréchal & contributeurs \/ Licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification — « CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 »",
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                    "description": "<b>ου (τὸ)<\/b> <i>litt<\/i>. ce qui est en rang, ce qui fait partie d’une ligne, <i>p. suite,<\/i> petit trait aligné, <i>d’où :<\/i><br\/><b>   I<\/b> aiguille qui marque l’ombre sur un cadran solaire, PHILÉM. (<i>Com. fr. 4, 29) ; p. suite,<\/i> heure, AR. <i>Eccl. 652 ;<\/i> EUB. <i>3, 261 Meineke ;<\/i> LUC. <i>Gall. 9, etc. ;<\/i><br\/><b>   II<\/b> caractère d’écriture, lettre, <i>non comme caractère d’écriture distinct ou isolé, mais comme élément constitutif de la syllabe et du mot,<\/i> ARSTT. <i>Poet. 20, 2 ;<\/i> τὸ ῥῶ τὸ στοιχεῖον, PLAT. <i>Crat. 426<\/i> d, la lettre ῥ ; γραμμάτων στοιχεῖα, PLAT. <i>Theæt. 202<\/i> e, lettres de l’écriture ; κατὰ στοιχεῖον, ANTH. <i>11, 15, 3 ;<\/i> PLUT. <i>M. 422<\/i> e, par ordre alphabétique ;<br\/><b>   III<\/b> <i>p. suite,<\/i> élément, principe d’une chose, XÉN. <i>Mem. 2, 1, 1 ;<\/i> PLAT. <i>Leg. 790<\/i> c, <i>etc. ;<\/i> PLUT. <i>M. 12<\/i> c, <i>1069<\/i> f, <i>etc. ; d’où<\/i> point de départ, <i>p. opp. à<\/i> πέρας, ARSTT. <i>Pol. 1, 9 ; particul. :<\/i><br\/><b>      1<\/b> <i>t. de philos.,<\/i> éléments de l’univers, PLAT. <i>Theæt. 201, etc. ;<\/i> ARSTT. <i>P.A. 2, 1, etc. ;<\/i> PLUT. <i>M. 63<\/i> c, <i>etc. ;<\/i> στοιχεῖα ἀμφότερα, POLÉM. <i>1, 11,<\/i> les deux éléments, la terre et l’eau ;<br\/><b>      2<\/b> éléments d’une science, de la géométrie (les points, les lignes, <i>etc<\/i>.) PLUT. <i>M. 877<\/i> e, <i>980<\/i> a ; de la logique ; ARSTT. <i>Rhet. 2, 22 ; particul<\/i>. les idées fondamentales, ARSTT. <i>Rhet. 1, 2 ;<\/i> de la grammaire (les noms, les verbes) GRAMM. ; DH. <i>Comp. 2, etc. ; t. de rhét<\/i>. les points principaux (πρόσωπα, πράγματα, τρόποι, καιροί, <i>etc<\/i>.) auxquels on se reporte dans une démonstration, DH. <i>Lys. 15 ;<\/i> points principaux d’une description, MÉN. RHÉT. <i>9, 167 W. ;<\/i> points principaux dans la construction et l’agencement des mots, DH. <i>Comp. 6, 42 ;<\/i><br\/><b>      3<\/b> <i>t. d’astr<\/i>. les planètes, MAN. <i>4, 624 ; ou chez les Alexandrins,<\/i> signes du zodiaque, <i>réputés comme les principes de la vie pour les hommes,<\/i> DL. <i>6, 102<\/i>.<p style='color:darkblue'><b>Étym<\/b>. στοῖχος.<\/p>"
                },
                {
                    "dictionary": "LSJ",
                    "reference": "Liddell-Scott-Jones, Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1940)",
                    "source": null,
                    "description": "τό ; in a form of sun-dial, <b>the shadow of the gnomon, the length of which in feet indicated the time of day<\/b>, ὅταν ᾖ δεκάπουν τὸ σ. when the <b>shadow<\/b> is ten feet long, Ar. <i>Ec.<\/i> 652, v. Sch. ; ὁπηνίκ’ ἂν εἴκοσι ποδῶν… τὸ σ. ᾖ Eub. 119.7, cf. Philem. 83.<br\/><b>element<\/b>, a <b>simple sound<\/b> of speech, as the <b>first component<\/b> of the syllable, Pl. <i>Cra.<\/i> 424d; τὸ ῥῶ τὸ σ. <i>ib.<\/i> 426d; γραμμάτων σ. καὶ συλλαβάς Id. <i>Tht.<\/i> 202e; σ. ἐστι φωνὴ ἀδιαίρετος Arist. <i>Po.<\/i> 1456b22; φωνῆς σ. καὶ ἀρχαὶ δοκοῦσιν εἶναι ταῦτ’ ἐξ ὧν σύγκεινται αἱ φωναὶ πρώτων Id. <i>Metaph.<\/i> 998a23, cf. Gal. 15.6; — στοιχεῖα therefore, strictly, were different from <b>letters<\/b> (&lt; γράμματα), Diog. Bab. <i>Stoic.<\/i> 3.213, Sch. D.T. p. 32, al., but are freq. not clearly distd. from them, as by Pl. <i>Tht. l.c., Cra.<\/i> 426d; τὰ σ. τῶν γραμμάτων τὰ τέτταρα καὶ εἴκοσι Aen.Tact. 31.21; σ. ε <b>letter<\/b> ε (in a filing-system), BGU 959.2 (ii AD); ἀκουόμενα σ.<br\/><b>letters<\/b> which are pronounced, A.D. <i>Adv<\/i>. 165.17; γράμματα and σ. are expressly identified by D.T. 630.32; the σ. and its name are confused by A.D. <i>Synt.<\/i> 29.1, but distd. by Hdn. <i>Gr.<\/i> ap. Choerob. <i>in Theod.<\/i> 1.340, Sch. D.T. <i>l.c.<\/i> ; — κατὰ στοιχεῖον <b>in the order of the letters, alphabetically<\/b>, <i>AP<\/i> 11.15 (Ammian.); <font color='darkorange'>dub.sens.<\/font> in Plu. 2.422e. in Physics, στοιχεῖα were the <b>components into which matter is ultimately divisible, elements<\/b>, reduced to four by Empedocles, who called them ῥιζὤματα, the word στοιχεῖα being first used (acc. to Eudem. ap. Simp. <i>in Ph.<\/i> 7.13) by Pl., τὰ πρῶτα οἱονπερεὶ ς, ἐς ὧν ἡμεῖς τε συγκείμεθα καὶ τἄλλα <i>Tht.<\/i> 201e; τὰ τῶν πάντων σ. <i>Plt.<\/i> 278d; αὐτὰ τιθέμενοι σ. τοῦ παντός <i>Ti.<\/i> 48b, cf. Arist. <i>GC<\/i> 314a29, <i>Metaph.<\/i> 998a28, Thphr. <i>Sens.<\/i> 3, al., D.L. 3.24; σ. σωματικά Arist. <i>Mete.<\/i> 338a22, Thphr. <i>Fr.<\/i> 46; ἄτομα σ. Epicur. Ep. 2 p. 36U. ; equivalent to ἀρχαί, Thales ap. Plu. 2.875c, Anaximand. ap. D.L. 2.1, Anon. ap. Arist. <i>Ph.<\/i> 188b28, <i>Metaph.<\/i> 1059b23, al. ; but Arist. also distinguishes σ. from ἀρχή as less comprehensive, <i>ib.<\/i> 1070b23; τὰ σ. ὕλη τῆς οὐσίας <i>ib.<\/i> 1088b27; τρία τὰ σ. Id. <i>Ph.<\/i> 189b16; distd. from ἀρχή on other grounds by <i>Stoic.<\/i> 2.111; σ. used in three senses by Chrysipp., <i>ib.<\/i> 136, cf. Zeno <i>ib.<\/i> 1.24, al. ; in Medicine, Gal. 6.3, 420, al., 15.7, al. ; Αἰθέρ, κόσμου σ. ἄριστον Orph. <i>H.<\/i> 5.4; ἀνηλεὲς σ., of the sea, Babr. 71.4; τὸ σ., of the sea, Polem. <i>Cyn.<\/i> 44; ἄμφω τὰ σ., i.e. land and sea, <i>ib.<\/i> 11, cf. Hdn. 3.1.5, Him. <i>Ecl.<\/i> 2.18. the <b>elements of proof<\/b>, e.g. in general reasoning the πρῶτοι συλλογισμοί, Arist. <i>Metaph.<\/i> 1014b1; in Geometry, the propositions whose proof is involved in the proof of other propositions, <i>ib.<\/i> 998a26, 1014a36; title of geometrical works by Hippocrates of Chios, Leon, Theudios, and Euclid, Procl. <i>in Euc.<\/i> pp. 66, 67, 68F. ; hence applied to whatever is one, small, and capable of many uses, Arist. <i>Metaph.<\/i> 1014b3; to whatever is most universal, e.g. the unit and the point, <i>ib.<\/i> 6; the line and the circle, Id. <i>Top.<\/i> 158b35; the τόπος (argument applicable to a variety of subjects), <i>ib.<\/i> 120b13, al., <i>Rh.<\/i> 1358a35, al. ; στοιχεῖα τὰ γένη λέγουσί τινες Id. <i>Metaph.<\/i> 1014b10; τὸ νόμισμα σ. καὶ πέρας τῆς ἀλλαγῆς coin is the <b>unit<\/b>. of exchange, Id. <i>Pol.<\/i> 1257b23; in Grammar, σ. τῆς λέξεως <b>parts<\/b> of speech, D.H. Comp. 2; but also, the <b>letters<\/b> composing a word, A.D. <i>Synt.<\/i> 313.7; <b>letters<\/b> of the alphabet, Diog. Bab. <i>Stoic.<\/i> 3.213; σ. τοῦ λόγου the <b>elements<\/b> of speech, viz.<br\/><b>words<\/b>, or the <b>kinds of words, parts<\/b> of speech, Thphr. ap. Simp. <i>in Cat.<\/i> 10.24, Chrysipp. <i>Stoic.<\/i> 2.45, A.D. <i>Synt.<\/i> 7.1, 313.6. generally, <b>elementary<\/b> or <b>fundamental principle<\/b>, ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ τῶν σ. X. <i>Mem.<\/i> 2.1.1; σ. χρηστῆς πολιτείας Isoc. 2.16; τὸ πολλάκις εἰρημένον μέγιστον σ. Arist. <i>Pol.<\/i> 1309b16; σ. τῆς ὅλης τέχνης Nicol.Com. 1.30, cf. Epicur. Ep. 1 p. 10U., Ep. 3 p. 59U., Phld. <i>Rh.<\/i> 1.127S., Gal. 6.306. ἄστρων στοιχεῖα the <b>stars<\/b>, Man. 4.624; σ. καυσούμενα λυθήσεται 2 Ep. Pet. 3.10, cf. 12; esp.<br\/><b>planets<\/b>, στοιχείῳ Διός PLond. 1.130.60 (i\/ii AD); so perh. in Ep. Gal. 4.3, Ep. Col. 2.8; esp. a <b>sign of the Zodiac<\/b>, D.L. 6.102; of the Great Bear, PMagPar. 1.1303. σ. = ἀριθμός, as etym. of Στοιχαδεύς, Sch. D.T. p. 192 H."
                },
                {
                    "dictionary": "Pape",
                    "reference": "Pape, Griechisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch (3. Aufl., 1914)",
                    "source": null,
                    "description": "τό, eigtl. dim. von στοῖχος, <i>eine kleine aufgerichtete Stange<\/i>, bes. <i>der Stift an der Sonnenuhr, der den Schatten wirst und dadurch die Stunden des Tages bestimmt<\/i>, daher auch <i>dieser Schatten<\/i> selbst, δεκάπουν στοιχεῖον, <i>von der Zeit des Abendessens<\/i>, Ar. <i>Eccl<\/i>. 652 ; vgl. Eubul. bei Ath. I.8b u. Poll. 6.44. – <i>Der Buchstabe<\/i>, als erster, einfachster Bestandteil der Rede (στ. ἐστὶ φωνὴ ἀδιαίρετος, Arist. <i>poet<\/i>. 20), zunächst nur insofern er gesprochen wurde, γράμματα hießen die geschriebenen ; τὸ ῥῶ τὸ στοιχεῖον, Plat. <i>Crat<\/i>. 426d, u. öfter in diesem Gespräche ; vgl. 434b, ἔστι δὲ ἐξ ὧν συνθετέον τὰ ὀνόματα, στοιχεῖα ; auch γραμμάτων στοιχεῖα, <i>Theaet<\/i>. 202e ; κατὰ στοιχεῖον, <i>nach der Buchstabenfolge, nach dem Alphabet<\/i>. – Uebh. <i>die ersten, einfachsten Bestandteile<\/i>, πυρὸς στοιχεῖόν τε καὶ σπέρμα, Plat. <i>Tim<\/i>. 56b ; λάβωμεν τοῦτο οἷον στοιχεῖον ἐπ' ἀμφότερα σώματός τε καὶ ψυχῆς, <i>Legg<\/i>. VII.790c ; πολιτείας, Isocr. 2.16. – Bes. <i>die ersten Bestandteile körperlicher Dinge, die Grundstoffe, Elemente<\/i>, deren Empedokles zuerst vier annahm und sie ῥιζώματα nannte ; περὶ τὰ τῶν πάντων στοιχεῖα, Plat. <i>Polit<\/i>. 278c ; ἀμφότερα, <i>Erde und Wasser<\/i>, Polemo 1.11 ; σκοπῶμεν ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ τῆς τρο φῆς ὥσπερ ἀπὸ τῶν στοιχείων, Xen. <i>Mem<\/i>. 2.1.1 ; Arist. <i>part.anim<\/i>. 2.1. – Bes. auch <i>die Anfangsgründe der Wissenschaften, Elemente<\/i>, Sp.; στοιχεῖα ἐνθυμημάτων, <i>die Topik der Schlußarten<\/i>, Arist. <i>rhet<\/i>. 2.22 ; in der Geometrie <i>die Punkte, Linien, Flächen<\/i>.<br\/>Bei den Alexandrinern = <i>Gestalt, Bild<\/i>, bes. <i>Bild des Tierkreises<\/i>, DL. 1.102."
                },
                {
                    "dictionary": "TBESG",
                    "reference": "Translators Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek based on Abbot-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (1922) (=AS), with corrections and adapted by Tyndale Scholars",
                    "source": null,
                    "description": " <b>στοιχεῖον<\/b>, -ου, τό <br\/> [in LXX: Wis.7:17 19:18, 4Ma.12:13 * ;] <br\/>prop., one of a row (στοῖχος) or series, hence, <br\/> __1. the shadow-line of a dial (Aristoph.). <br\/> __2. an elementary sound or letter of the alphabet (Anth., Plut., π.). <br\/> __3. the elements or rudiments of knowledge (Arist., al.) Heb.5:12; πτωχὰ σ., Gal.4:9; σ. τοῦ κόσμου, Gal.4:3, Col.2:8, 20 (but see infr.). <br\/> __4. <b>The material elements of the universe <\/b>(Plat.; LXX, ll. with): 2Pe.3:10 3:12. <br\/> __5. The heavenly bodies (Ding. Laert.). <br\/> __6. The demons or tutelary spirits of nature (Enoch., Test., Sol., al.; for this sense in Ga, Col, ll. with, see <i>ICC<\/i> on Col.2:8; Enc. Bibl., see word ' Elements ').†<br\/> (AS)"
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