{
    "meta": {
        "serviceProvider": {
            "name": "Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanties, TELOTA - IT\/DH",
            "link": "https:\/\/www.bbaw.de\/en\/bbaw-digital\/telota"
        },
        "dataProvider": {
            "name": "Classical Language Dictionary",
            "link": "https:\/\/cld.bbaw.de"
        }
    },
    "query": {
        "self": "https:\/\/cld.bbaw.de\/api\/dictionary\/lemma\/%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CD%82?language=grc&options=case-sensitive",
        "searchDate": "2026-04-14 23:12:16",
        "searchFor": "lemma",
        "searchTerm": "δεῖ",
        "language": "GRC",
        "options": {
            "strict": true,
            "case-sensitive": true,
            "regex": false,
            "simplified": false
        }
    },
    "data": [
        {
            "lemma": "δεῖ",
            "meanings": 1,
            "language": "grc",
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "dictionary": "Bailly",
                    "reference": "Bailly 2020 Hugo Chávez Gérard Gréco, André Charbonnet, Mark De Wilde, Bernard Maréchal & contributeurs \/ Licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification — « CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 »",
                    "source": "https:\/\/bailly.app\/%C3%A0-propos",
                    "description": "<i>v<\/i>. δέω, manquer."
                },
                {
                    "dictionary": "LSJ",
                    "reference": "Liddell-Scott-Jones, Greek-English Lexicon (9th ed., 1940)",
                    "source": null,
                    "description": "<i>subj.<\/i> δέῃ, sts. <i>contr.<\/i> δῇ (in codd. of Com., as Ar. <i>Ra.<\/i> 265); ὁπόσου κα δῆ IG 4.1484.65 (Epid.), cf. SIG 245 G 47 (Delph.); <i>opt.<\/i> δέοι Th. 4.4; <i>inf.<\/i> δεῖν; <i>part.<\/i> δέον (v. infr. IV); <i>impf.<\/i> ἔδει, Ion. ἔδεε ; <i>fut.<\/i> δεήσει E. <i>Hipp.<\/i> 941, etc. ; <i>aor.1<\/i> ἐδέησε Th. 2.77, etc.<br\/>Impers. from δέω¹, <b>there is need<\/b> (the sense of moral obligation, prop. belonging to χρή, is later, S. <i>Ph.<\/i> 583, etc.); c. acc. pers. et inf., <b>it is needful for<\/b> one to do, <b>one must<\/b>, once in Hom., τί δὲ δεῖ πολεμιζέμεναι… Ἀργείους why <b>need<\/b> the Argives fight? <i>Il.<\/i> 9.337; δ. &lt;μ΄&gt; ἐλθεῖν Pi. <i>O.<\/i> 6.28, etc. ; with nom. of the Pron., ἡγούμην… δεῖν… μεγαλοψυχότερος φαίνεσθαι D. 19.235; rarely δεῖ σ’ ὅπως δείξεις, = δεῖ σε δεῖξαι, S. <i>Aj.<\/i> 556, cf. Ph. 54; δεῖ σ’ ὅπως μηδὲν διοίσεις Cratin. 108; (the full constr. in S. <i>Ph.<\/i> 77 τοῦτο δεῖ σοφισθῆναι… ὅπως γενήσῃ); rarely c. dat. pers., <b>there is need of<\/b>… for…, θεοῖσι προσβαλεῖν χθονὶ ἄλλην δεήσει γαῖαν E. <i>Hipp.<\/i> 941, cf. X. <i>An.<\/i> 3.4.35, <i>Oec.<\/i> 7.20; the acc. pers. is often omitted, ἐκ τῶν μανθάνειν δεῖ (sc. ἡμᾶς) Hdt. 1.8, cf. A. <i>Ag.<\/i> 567, <i>Eu.<\/i> 826, etc. c. acc. rei et inf., δεῖ τι γενέσθαι Th. 5.26; παραδείγματα, καθ’ ἃ δέοι ἀποκρίνεσθαι Pl. <i>Men.<\/i> 79a, etc. ; also ἐπεὶ δέ οἱ ἔδεε κακῶς γενέσθαι since <b>it was fated<\/b> for him…, since he <b>was doomed…<\/b>, Hdt. 2.161, cf. 8.53, 9.109, S. <i>OT<\/i> 825; for οἴομαι δεῖν, v. οἴομαι. abs. with <i>inf.<\/i> understood, μὴ πεῖθ’ ἃ μὴ δεῖ (sc. πείθειν) S. <i>OC<\/i> 1442, cf. <i>OT<\/i> 1273; εἴ τι δέοι, ἤν τι δέῃ (sc. γενέσθαι), X. <i>Mem.<\/i> 1.2.59, Th. 1.44; κἂν δέῃ (sc. τροχάζειν), τροχάζῶ Philetaer. 3. c. gen. rei, <b>there is need of<\/b>, freq. with neg., οὐδὲν ἂν δέοι πολλοῦ ἀργυρίου Pl. <i>Cri.<\/i> 45a, etc. ; τί δεῖ τῆς ἀρετῆς; Arist. <i>Pol.<\/i> 1309b10; sts. with <i>inf.<\/i> added, μακροῦ λόγου δεῖ ταῦτ’ ἐπεξελθεῖν A. <i>Pr.<\/i> 870, cf. 875, <i>Supp.<\/i> 407. freq. in phrases, πολλοῦ δεῖ <b>there wants much, far from it<\/b>, ὀλίγου δεῖ <b>there wants little, all but<\/b>; in full c. inf., πολλοῦ δεῖ οὕτως ἔχειν Pl. <i>Ap.<\/i> 35d; τοὺς Πλαταιέας ἐλαχίστου ἐδέησε διαφθεῖραι [τὸ πῦρ] Th. 2.77; πολλοῦ γε δεῖ, πολλοῦ γε καὶ δεῖ Ar. <i>Ach.<\/i> 543, D. 18.300, 21.71; τοῦ πλεῦνος αἰεὶ ἔδεε <b>there was<\/b> always further <b>to travel<\/b>, Hdt. 4.43; τοῦ παντὸς δεῖ Luc. <i>Merc. Cond.<\/i> 13; also ὀλίγου δεῖν abs., in same sense, Pl. <i>Ap.<\/i> 22a, etc. ; μικροῦ δεῖν D. 27.29. with dat. pers. added, δεῖ μοί τινος A. <i>Ag.<\/i> 848, E. <i>Med.<\/i> 565, Th. 1.71, etc. with acc. pers. added, αὐτὸν γάρ σε δεῖ προμηθέως A. <i>Pr.<\/i> 86, cf. E. <i>Rh.<\/i> 837, <i>Hipp.<\/i> 23. rarely with Subj. in nom., δεῖ μοί τι something <b>is needful<\/b> to me, ἓν δεῖ μόνον μοι E. <i>Supp.<\/i> 594; εἴ τι δέοι τῷ χορῷ Antipho 6.12; πρῶτον μὲν τοῦτο δεῖ, ὑπειληφέναι… D. 10.15. <i>Med.<\/i>, δεῖται <b>there is need<\/b>, c. gen., δεῖταί σοι τῆς αὐτῆς ἐρωτήσεως Pl. <i>Men.<\/i> 79c; ὅσων δέοιτο Aen.Tact. 13.1; ἑτέρου δεῖσθαι στρατηγοῦ νομίζων Plu. <i>Pel.<\/i> 26; c. inf., ὥστε βραχἔ ἐμοὶ δεῖσθαι φράσαι S. <i>OC<\/i> 570 (codd.); δεήσεται… ἀναγράφεσθαι Aen.Tact. 31.9; τήν μευ γλῶσσαν ἐκτεμεῖν δεῖται Herod. 6.41. neut. <i>part.<\/i> δέον (δεῖν is <font color='darkorange'>dub.<\/font> in Ar. <i>Fr.<\/i> 220, Lys. 14.7, cf. A.D. <i>Adv<\/i>. 132.30, Hdn. <i>Gr.<\/i> 2.328, al., Hsch.); abs., <b>it being needful<\/b> or <b>fitting<\/b>, Pl. <i>Prt.<\/i> 355d, etc. ; οὐκ ἀπήντα, δέον, he did not appear in court, <b>though he ought to have done so<\/b>, D. 21.90; c. inf., Ar. <i>Nu.<\/i> 988; οὐδὲν δέον <b>there being<\/b> no <b>need<\/b>, Hdt. 3.65, etc. ; <i>fut.<\/i> ὡς αὐτίκα δεῆσον διώκειν X. <i>Cyr.<\/i> 3.2.8; <i>aor.<\/i> δεῆσαν Plu. <i>Fab.<\/i> 9, etc. ; also δέον ἂν εἴη, = δέοι ἄν, Plb. 2.37.5, etc. ; less freq. gen. abs. δέοντος, c. acc. inf., Corn. <i>ND<\/i> 17. <i>Subst.<\/i> δέον, τό (v. sub voc.)."
                },
                {
                    "dictionary": "Pape",
                    "reference": "Pape, Griechisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch (3. Aufl., 1914)",
                    "source": null,
                    "description": "s. δέω²."
                },
                {
                    "dictionary": "TBESG",
                    "reference": "Translators Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek based on Abbot-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (1922) (=AS), with corrections and adapted by Tyndale Scholars",
                    "source": null,
                    "description": " <b>δεῖ <\/b> impersonal (δέω), <br\/> [in LXX chiefly for infin. with לְ ;] <br\/><b>one must, it is necessary<\/b>: with inf., Mat.26:54, Mrk.13:7, Act.5:29, al.; with accusative and inf., Mat.16:21, Mrk.8:31, Jhn.3:7, Act.25:10, al.; with ellipse of accusative, Mat.23:23; of accusative, and inf., Mrk.13:14, Rom.1:27 8:26; οὐ (μὴ) δεῖ (non licet), <b>ought not, must not<\/b>: Act.25:24, 2Ti.2:24; impf., ἔδει, of necessity or obligation in past time regarding a past event (Bl., § 63, 4), Mat.18:33, Luk.15:32, Jhn.4:4, Act.27:21, al.; periphr., δέον ἐστίν (as in Attic, χρεών ἐστι = χρή, see: δέον), Act.19:36; id., with ellipse of ἐστίν, 1Pe.1:6 τὰ μὴ δέοντα (= ἃ οὐ δεῖ 1Ti.5:13.<br\/> <re><i>SYN.<\/i>: ὀφείλει, expressing moral obligation, as distinct from δεῖ, denoting logical necessity and χρή, a need which results from the fitness of things (see Tr., <i>Syn.<\/i>, § cvii, 10; Westc. on Heb.2:1, 1Jn.2:6; Hort on Jas.3:10).<\/re> (AS)"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}