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        {
            "lemma": "spondeo",
            "meanings": 1,
            "language": "lat",
            "descriptions": [
                {
                    "dictionary": "Lewis Short",
                    "reference": "Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary",
                    "source": "https:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059",
                    "description": "(v. a.P. a.) : spondĕo, spŏpondi, sponsum, 2 (\n* Perf. spepondi, Cic., Caes., and Val. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 9, 12 sq.; Inscr. Orell. 4358; without redup. sponderat,Tert. Carm. adv. Mart. 3, 135; subj. sponsis = spoponderis, an ancient formula of prayer in Fest. p. 351 Müll.), v. a. akin with σπένδω, to pour out, = libare; cf. σπονδαί, league.\n* Jurid. and publicists' t. t.\n* In bargains, covenants, treaties, etc., to promise solemnly, to bind, engage, or pledge one's self (class.; syn.: recipio, stipulor, promitto; cf.: vadimonium obire, vadari); according to the civil law in its original form, it was essential to a binding contract verbally made (verbis) that a proposition and its acceptance should be expressed by the question spondes? and the answer spondeo; and only at a later period was the use of promitto, etc., valid (v. Sandars, Introd. ad Just. Inst. p. LV): verbis obligatio fit ex interrogatione et responsione, velut, Dari spondes? Spondeo. Dabis? Dabo. Promittis? Promitto; sed haec quidem verborum obligatio: dari spondes? spondeo, propria civium Romanorum est, cetera vero juris gentium sunt,Gai. Inst. 3, 91 sq.; Dig. 45, 1, 126; 45, 1, 133; cf. the whole title,ib. 45, 1: De verborum obligationibus: He. Aeternum tibi dapinabo victum, si vera autumas ... Er. Sponden' tu istut? He. Spondeo, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 118: qui stulte spondet, Cato ap. Rufin. 18, p. 210: quis stipulatus est? Ubi? Quo die? Quis spopondisse me dicit? Nemo,Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 13: ut aliquando spondere se diceret,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142: si quis quod spopondit, quā in re verbo se obligavit uno, si id non facit, etc.,id. Caecin. 3, 7: faeneris, quod stipulanti spoponderam tibi, reliquam pensiunculam percipe,Col. 10 praef.: ego meā fide spondeo futurum ut omnia invenias, etc.,Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 10.\n* In gen., to promise sacredly, to warrant, vow (class.).\n* Transf., of promises or pledges made in behalf of a government, etc.: non foedere pax Caudina, sed per sponsionem facta est ... Spoponderunt consules, legati, quaestores, tribuni militum,Liv. 9, 5, 4: quod spondendo pacem servassent exercitum,id. 9, 8, 15: quid tandem si spopondissemus urbem hanc relicturum populum Romanum?id. 9, 9, 6: ea demum sponsio esset, quam populi jussu spopondissemus,id. 9, 9, 13: hosti nihil spopondistis, civem neminem spondere pro vobis jussistis,id. 9, 9, 16.\n* Esp., to promise or engage in marriage, betroth: qui uxorem ducturus erat ab eo unde ducenda erat, stipulabatur eam in matrimonium ductam iri;   qui daturus erat itidem spondebat. Tum quae promissa erat sponsa appellabatur, qui spoponderat ducturum, sponsus, Sulp. Dot. ap. Gell. 4, 4, 2: Ly. Istac lege filiam tuam sponden' mihi uxorem dari? Ch. Spondeo. Ca. Et ego spondeo idem hoc, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 38 sq.; 2, 4, 172: Me. Etiam mihi despondes filiam? Eu. Illis legibus, Cum illā dote quam tibi dixi. Me. Sponden' ergo? Eu. Spondeo, id. Aul. 2, 2, 78: Ph. Spondesne, miles, mi hanc uxorem? Th. Spondeo. Ph. Et ego huic victum spondeo, id. Curc. 5, 2, 73 sq.: sponden tu ergo tuam gnatam uxorem mihi? Ch. Spondeo et mille auri Philippum dotis, id. Trin. 5, 2, 34.—Hence, of women, alicui sponsam esse, to be betrothed, engaged to a man: si volt Demipho Dare quantum ab hac accipio, quae sponsa est mihi,Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 52: scis, sponsam mihi (esse)?id. Eun. 5, 9 (8), 6; Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 101 sq.; 2, 4, 172; 2, 4, 174; id. Poen. 5, 3, 43.\n* = sponsionem facere (v. sponsio, II.), to lay a judicial wager, to enter into an agreement to pay contingent on the truth or falsity of an assertion: si hoc ita est, qui spondet mille nummūm? P. Afric. ap. Gell. 6 ($3), 11, 9.— So, absol.: cum illi jacenti latera tunderentur, ut aliquando spondere se diceret,should declare that he made the required wager,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142 (cf. sponsum, P. a. fin. infra); Dig. 11, 5, 3.\n* With fut. inf.: promitto, recipio, spondeo, C. Caesarem talem semper fore civem, qualis hodie sit,Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 51: ut (eum) inimicissimum huic conjurationi futurum esse, promittam et spondeam,id. Mur. 41, 90: et ipse spondeo et omnes hoc tibi tui pro me recipient, te fructum esse capturum, etc.,id. Fam. 13, 50, 2: quis est qui spondeat eundum, si differtur bellum, animum postea fore,Liv. 5, 5, 9: quae si perpetua concordia sit, quis non spondere ausit, maximum hoc imperium brevi futurum esse?id. 5, 3, 10: spondebant animis id (bellum) P. Cornelium finiturum,with full conviction,id. 28, 38, 9; cf. id. 3, 59, 3: sponde affore reges,Val. Fl. 3, 504.\n* With inf. pres., to warrant, give assurance of an existing fact: spondebo enim tibi, vel potius spondeo in meque recipio, eos esse M'. Curii mores,Cic. Fam. 13, 17, 2.\n* Sponsus, i, m., a betrothed man, a bridegroom: virgo Sponso superba, Titin. ap. Non. 305, 5: accede ad sponsum audacter,id. ib. 227, 15; Cic. Inv. 2, 26, 78: sponsus regius,Hor. C. 3, 2, 10.—Poet., of Penelope's suitors, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 28.\n* Spon-sa, ae, f., a betrothed woman, a bride: scio equidem, sponsam tibi esse et filium ex sponsā tuā,Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 12; Ter. And. 2, 1, 24: flebilis sponsa,Hor. C. 4, 2, 21 et saep.—Prov.: suam cuique sponsam, mihi meam, i. e. every one to his taste, Atil. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3.\n* Sponsum, i, n., a covenant, agreement, engagement: sponsum negare, to break or disown one's pledge,  Hor. S. 1, 3, 95: sponsus contra sponsum rogatus,Varr. L. L. 7, § 107 Müll.\n* Esp., a judicial wager (cf. sponsio, II.): ex sponso egit,Cic. Quint. 9, 32."
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